Table 2.
Baseline clinical characteristics of patients with spontaneous ICH in validation cohort.
| Clinical variables | Total (n = 251) | 3-month functional outcome | 1-month mortality | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Poor outcome (n = 179) | Good outcome (n = 72) | p value | Death (n = 37) | Survival (n = 214) | p value | ||
| Age (year) | 59.21 ± 13.57 | 59.88 ± 13.78 | 57.56 ± 13.00 | 0.561 | 58.76 ± 14.16 | 59.29 ± 13.50 | 0.584 |
| Male | 166(66.1) | 113(63.1) | 53(73.6) | 0.112 | 23(62.2) | 143(66.8) | 0.580 |
| GCS | 14(10,15) | 13(8,15) | 15(14,15) | <0.001 | 8(7,13) | 14(12,15) | <0.001 |
| Admission SBP (mmHg) | 166.69 ± 26.58 | 167.77 ± 26.72 | 164.03 ± 26.23 | 0.342 | 160.14 ± 25.42 | 167.83 ± 26.67 | 0.128 |
| Admission DBP (mmHg) | 97.59 ± 18.51 | 97.47 ± 18.31 | 97.86 ± 19.12 | 0.833 | 93.73 ± 18.31 | 98.25 ± 18.50 | 0.155 |
| Onset to CT (hours) | 6(4,12) | 6(4,12) | 6(4,17) | 0.375 | 6(3,17) | 6(4,12) | 0.854 |
| History of hypertension | 142(56.6) | 104(58.1) | 38(52.8) | 0.342 | 18(48.6) | 124(57.9) | 0.292 |
| History of diabetes mellitus | 16(6.4) | 14(7.8) | 2(2.8) | 0.233 | 0(0.0) | 16(7.5) | 0.176 |
| Smoking | 71(28.3) | 54(30.2) | 17(23.6) | 0.297 | 6(16.2) | 65(30.4) | 0.077 |
| Previous stroke | 13(5.2) | 10(5.6) | 3(4.2) | 0.885 | 0(0.0) | 13(6.1) | 0.255 |
| Antiplatelet or anticoagulation | 19(7.6) | 11(6.1) | 8(11.1) | 0.179 | 4(10.8) | 15(7.0) | 0.638 |
| Hematoma volume (mL) | 18.48(7.80,35.20) | 22.80(9.24,36.75) | 9.22(2.66,27.27) | <0.001 | 35.34(20.70,48.78) | 15.72(7.01,31.49) | <0.001 |
| Hematoma location | |||||||
| Supratentorial | 207(82.5) | 159(88.8) | 48(66.7) | <0.001 | 33(89.2) | 174(82.2) | 0.244 |
| Infratentorial | 44(17.5) | 20(11.2) | 24(33.3) | 4(10.8) | 40(17.8) | ||
| Presence of IVH | 91(36.3) | 80(44.7) | 11(15.3) | <0.001 | 24(64.9) | 67(31.3) | <0.001 |
| Presence of HE | 59(23.5) | 47(26.3) | 12(16.7) | 0.105 | 16(43.2) | 43(20.1) | 0.002 |
| Treatment | |||||||
| Surgical intervention | 49(19.5) | 45(25.1) | 4(5.6) | <0.001 | 11(29.7) | 38(17.8) | 0.090 |
| Conservative treatment | 202(80.5) | 134(74.9) | 68(94.4) | 26(70.3) | 176(82.2) | ||
| PLT (10ˆ9/L) | 152(115,204) | 152(114,203) | 153(116,210) | 0.634 | 127(105,195) | 157(120,209) | 0.036 |
| PT (s) | 11.5(10.9,12.4) | 11.4(10.9,12.2) | 11.5(10.9,12.5) | 0.659 | 12.4(11.1,13.2) | 11.4(10.9,12.1) | 0.006 |
| APTT (s) | 26.5(23.6,29.3) | 26.3(23.6,29.0) | 26.7(23.4,29.8) | 0.634 | 27.8(24.8,31.4) | 26.3(23.6,29.0) | 0.069 |
| INR | 0.99(0.93,1.06) | 0.98(0.93,1.06) | 1.00(0.94,1.08) | 0.254 | 1.05(0.94,1.13) | 0.98(0.93,1.05) | 0.018 |
| NLR | 8.18(4.88,12.72) | 8.94(5.38,13.88) | 6.45(4.48,9.73) | 0.001 | 16.73(9.05,21.89) | 7.27(4.48,10.79) | <0.001 |
| Fibrinogen (g/L) | 2.76(2.37,3.34) | 2.98(2.43,3.51) | 2.50(2.25,2.87) | <0.001 | 3.54(3.04,4.82) | 2.65(2.32,3.22) | <0.001 |
| F-NLR score | |||||||
| 0 | 111(44.2) | 64(35.8) | 47(65.3) | <0.001 | 1(2.7) | 110(51.4) | <0.001 |
| 1 | 87(34.7) | 62(34.6) | 25(34.7) | 15(40.5) | 72(33.6) | ||
| 2 | 53(21.1) | 53(29.6) | 0(0.0) | 21(56.8) | 32(15.0) | ||
Data are expressed as n (%), mean ± SD, or median (25th, 75th quartile). Abbreviation: ICH, intracerebral hemorrhage; SD, standard deviation; GCS, Glasgow Coma Scale; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; IVH, intraventricular hemorrhage; HE, hematoma expansion; PLT, platelet; PT, prothrombin time; APTT, activated partial thromboplastin time; INR, international normalized ratio; F, fibrinogen; NLR, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio.