Table 2.

The impact of incretin-based medications on lipid metabolism.

Lipid metabolism	Effects of incretin-based therapy	Ref.	Clinical evidence
Lipogenesis and lipolysis	Reduces lipogenesis mainly thru an AMPK-dependent pathway	[57–61, 63, 74]	[63, 70, 107, 108]
Lipid peroxidation	Inhibits lipid peroxidation and reduces lipotoxicity	[21, 80–82, 84]	[88]
Fatty acid oxidation	Induces and promotes fatty acid oxidation	[49, 95]	[93]
Cholesterol synthesis	Inhibits HMG-CoA reductase and cholesterol biosynthesis, reduces atheroma plaque formation	[98, 100, 101]	[102]
Lipid absorption	Commonly reduces intestinal lipid absorption	[103, 104]	[105]