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. 2021 Dec 25;8(1):e08680. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08680

Table 2.

Physical characteristics of spent and unspent liquors at the artisanal tannery.

Parameter Liming Deliming/Bating Spent vegetable tanning Spent alum tawing Spent red dye Black dye Ghana EPA (2016)
Temperature (oC) 33.22 ± 2.45 33.22 ± 0.83 32.40 ± 1.01 33.60 ± 1.15 33.50 ± 1.08 30.80 ± 0.56 <3o above ambient
Colour (PtCo) 48983 ± 634.11 17566 ± 679.54 22033 ± 1350.5 950.35 ± 123.3 53900 ± 804.65 16886 ± 900.9 100
EC (μS/cm) 56600 ± 26.28 34700 ± 21.50 10080 ± 77.55 52370 ± 3.42 8170 ± 4.30 6930 ± 1.32 1500
TDS (mg/L) 28500 ± 497.80 17533 ± 580.60 4996.7 ± 383.78 26166 ± 261.63 4123.3 ± 173.62 3576.7 ± 108.62 1000
TSS (mg/L) 6728.7 ± 645.42 8116.8 ± 633.88 3216.4 ± 868.78 1033.5 ± 704.65 1894.1 ± 385.01 2820 ± 165.82 50
Turbidity (NTU) 2953.4 ± 279.24 1733.3 ± 394.98 1805 ± 142.93 450.24 ± 43.98 1700 ± 186.6 943.50 ± 74.52 75