Fig. 4.

PLAG1 expression in tumorigenesis. a PLAG1 expression levels in different brain tumors, highlighting the high expression in PFA (orange) and DMG (green). b Different mechanisms to activate PLAG1, which is repressed by EZH2-set H3K27me3 in differentiated cells. Promoter swapping with the CTNNB1 gene results in fusion genes with expression of PLAG1 in some solid tumors. In AML, EZH2 mutations can release H3K27me3 at the PLAG1 locus, as can the presence of EZHIP in PFA and DMG. As a transcription factor, PLAG1 then activates a variety of tumorigenic factors, among them IGF-2