Table 1.
Diagnostic criteria of substance-induced psychosis according to the DSM-5 (7).
| Disorder | Criteria |
|---|---|
| Substance-induced psychosis | A. Presence of one or both of the following symptoms: •Delusions •Hallucinations B. There is evidence from the history, physical examination, or laboratory findings that either (1) or (2): •The symptoms in Criterion A developed during, or within a month of, substance intoxication or withdrawal •Medication used is etiologically related to the disturbance C. The disturbance is not more accounted for by a psychotic disorder that is not substance-induced. D. The disturbance does not occur exclusively during delirium. E. The disturbance causes clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning. |
| Primary psychotic diseases | This group includes: •Schizophrenia •Other psychotic diseases •Schizotypal personality disorder All the previous conditions must have one or more symptoms of the following: •Delusions •Hallucinations •Disorganized speech •Disorganized behavior •Negative symptoms |
| Psychotic illness with comorbid substance use | At least, one of the criteria defining a psychotic disease and all the criteria of a substance use disorder must be present: •A pattern of use that results in marked distress and/or impairment, with two or more of the following symptoms for 12 months. •Using the substance in larger amounts or over a longer period of time than intended •Unsuccessful attempts or persistent desire to reduce its use •Excessive time spent on obtaining, using, and/or recovering from the effects of the substance •A pervasive craving for the substance •Significant interference with roles at work, school, or home •Continued use despite recurrent social or interpersonal consequences •Reducing or giving up important activities due to the substance use •Substance use in situations in which it may be physically hazardous •Substance use despite recurrent or persistent physical or psychological consequences •Tolerance of the substance •Withdrawal from the substance |