. 2021 Jun 6;54(1):185–192. doi: 10.1007/s11255-021-02908-5

Table 2.

Association of patient characteristics with pre-operative Doppler ultrasound

Patient characteristics		Mean arterial diameter (mm)	P value		Mean venous diameter (mm)	P value
Radiocephalic arteriovenous fistulae
Age, years
< 65		2.42 ± 0.69	0.84		3.14 ± 1.23	0.07
≥ 65		2.35 ± 0.79	0.84		2.00 ± 0.84	0.07
Gender
Male		2.45 ± 0.68	0.04		3.12 ± 1.22	0.06
Female		1.45 ± 0.21	0.04		1.45 ± 0.63	0.06
Diabetes Mellitus
Yes		2.44 ± 0.80	0.83		2.38 ± 1.17	0.17
No		2.40 ± 0.61	0.83		2.00 ± 0.97	0.17
Hypertension
Yes		2.44 ± 0.70	0.32		3.10 ± 1.24	0.27
No		2.03 ± 0.06	0.32		2.30 ± 1.21	0.27
Ischemic heart disease
Yes		3.08 ± 1.15	0.05		2.95 ± 0.70	0.85
No		2.37 ± 0.64	0.05		3.08 ± 1.27	0.85
Upper arm arteriovenous fistula
Age, years
< 65	4.19 ± 0.85		0.005	2.85 ± 1.10		0.12
≥ 65	4.50 ± 0.89		0.005	3.05 ± 1.05		0.12
Gender
Male	4.42 ± 0.87		< 0.001	2.89 ± 1.10		0.67
Female	3.86 ± 0.70		< 0.001	2.83 ± 1.01		0.67
Diabetes Mellitus
Yes	4.41 ± 0.81		<0.001	3.10 ± 1.14		< 0.001
No	4.10 ± 0.89		<0.001	2.69 ± 1.02		< 0.001
Hypertension
Yes	4.28 ± 0.86		0.38	2.90 ± 1.11		0.36
No	4.08 ± 0.91		0.38	2.67 ± 0.94		0.36
Ischemic Heart disease
Yes	4.52 ± 0.71		0.04	2.94 ± 0.96		0.77
No	4.24 ± 0.88		0.04	2.89 ± 1.12		0.77
Cerebrovascular accident(CVA)^a
Yes	4.43 ± 0.86		0.51	2.89 ± 1.01		0.50
No	4.27 ± 0.87		0.51	3.10 ± 1.26		0.50
Peripheral vascular disease(PVA)^a
Yes	4.62 ± 0.66		0.22	2.93 ± 0.89		0.89
No	4.26 ± 0.87		0.22	2.87 ± 1.08		0.89

a Patients with CVA/PVD all underwent upper arm AVFs