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. 2022 Jan 4;34(1):125–139.e8. doi: 10.1016/j.cmet.2021.12.007

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© 2021 The Author(s)

This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

PMC Copyright notice

STING deficiency leads to global metabolic improvement

(A) Cxcl10, Tnf-α, and Il6 mRNA levels were measured in liver, muscle, and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) from Sting^+/+ (n = 5) and Sting^−/− (n = 5) mice.

(B) Body weight of Sting^+/+ (n = 32) and Sting^−/− (n = 34) mice under normal chow diet.

(C) Body composition of Sting^+/+ (n = 6) and Sting^−/− (n = 6) mice was assessed by EchoMRI.

(D) Food intake of Sting^+/+ (n = 8) and Sting^−/− (n = 9) mice.

(E) Insulin tolerance test (ITT) in Sting^+/+ (n = 14) and Sting^−/− (n = 15) mice. Left: glycemia (mg/dL) over time, following a bolus of insulin. Right: area above the curve.

(F) Glucose tolerance test (GTT) was performed in Sting^+/+ (n = 25) and Sting^−/− (n = 24) mice. Left: glycemia (mg/dL) over time, following a bolus of glucose. Right: area under the curve (AUC).

(G) [18F]-FDG clearance rates were measure over time in Sting^+/+ (n = 5) and Sting^−/− (n = 5) mice and are expressed as percent (%) injected dose (ID) per mL. p = 0.0003.

(H) Oxygen consumption of Sting^+/+ (n = 6) and Sting^−/− (n = 6) mice as determined in metabolic chambers.

(I) Energy expenditure during day (white) and night (gray) was determined as in (H). p value was determined by one-way ANOVA.

(J) Daily profile of voluntary running-wheel activity of Sting^+/+ (n = 11) and Sting^−/− (n = 10) mice.

(K) [18F]-FDG concentration in the subcutaneous (SAT), visceral (VAT), and brown adipose tissue (BAT) from Sting^+/+ (n = 7) and Sting^−/− (n = 7) mice was measured at 45 min post-injection of [18F]-FDG. Results are expressed as %ID/g of tissue.

(L) Pgc1α, Cidea, Dio2, and Ucp1 mRNA levels in the VAT and BAT of Sting^+/+ (n = 4-6) and Sting^−/− (n = 5) in mice.

(M) Rectal temperature of Sting^+/+ (n = 13) and Sting^−/− (n = 14) mice under normal chow diet.

(N) GTT was performed in Sting^+/+ (n = 7) and Sting^−/− (n = 9) mice under high-fat diet (HFD 60%) for 6 (6w) and 20 weeks (20w). Left: glycemia (mg/dL) over time, following a bolus of glucose. Right: AUC.

(O) Rectal temperature of Sting^+/+ (n = 7) and Sting^−/− (n = 9) mice after 6 or 20 weeks of HFD.

(P) Survival curve of Sting^+/+ (n = 6) and Sting^−/− (n = 7) mice under HFD.

All graphs present means ± SEM. p values were determined by Student’s t test, unless otherwise stated. ns, not significant; ^∗p < 0.05, ^∗∗p < 0.01, ^∗∗∗p < 0.001.

Related to Figure S1.