Table 1.
Summary of clinical trials assessing the efficacy of SGLT2 inhibitors on cardiovascular and renal outcomes.
| Clinical study | Study design | Patient's disease | Cardiovascular outcome | Renal outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EMPA-REG OUTCOME | Empagliflozin | Diabetes | Lower HHF and CV and non-CV deaths; non-inferiority to myocardial infarction or stroke |
Reduced acute renal failure rate, non-inferiority to renal function |
| CANVAS program | Canagliflozin | Diabetes | Reduced rate of CV death, myocardial infarction or stroke |
Lower rate of progression of albuminuria and higher rate of albuminuria regression |
| DECLARE-TIMI 58 | Dapagliflozin | Diabetes | Reduced rate of CV death or HHF; non-inferiority to MACE |
No difference in eGFR, new end-stage renal disease or death from renal causes |
| VERTIS CV | Ertugtliflozin | Diabetes | Non-inferiority to rate of CV death, myocardial infarction or stroke |
No difference death from renal causes, renal replacement therapy, or doubling of the serum creatinine level |
| SCORED | Sotagliflozin | Diabetes and CKD | Lower risk of CV death, HHF and urgent visits for HF | No difference in renal function, chronic dialysis or renal transplant |
| CREDENCE | Canagliflozin | Diabetes and CKD | Lower risk of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or stroke | Reduced risk of end-stage kidney disease, doubling of the serum creatinine level or death from renal causes |
| DAPA-CKD | Dapagliflozin | CKD | Reduced HHF or CV death | Lower risk of eGFR decline, end-stage kidney disease or death from renal causes |
| DAPA-HF | Dapagliflozin | HFrEF | Lower risk of worsening HF, CV death or HHF |
No difference in the incidence of eGFR decline, end-stage renal disease or renal death |
| EMPEROR-Reduced | Empagliflozin | HFrEF | Lower risk of CV death or HHF | Slower decline in the eGFR |
| SOLOIST-WHF | Sotagliflozin | Diabetes and HF | Lower incidence of CV death, HHF or urgent visits for HF | No change in eGFR |
| EMPEROR-Preserved | Empagliflozin | HFpEF | Reduced risk of CV death or HHF | Slower rate of decline in the eGFR |
CKD, chronic kidney disease; CV, cardiovascular; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HF, heart failure; HFpEF, heart failure with preserved ejection fraction; HFrEF, heart failure with reduced ejection fraction; HHF, hospitalization for heart failure; MACE, major adverse cardiovascular event.