Table 3.
HRV and outcome at 365 days.
| Death | Stroke | MI | MACE | mRS ≥ 2 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95% CI), p | OR (95% CI), p | OR (95% CI), p | OR (95% CI), p | OR (95% CI), p | |
| Model 1 | |||||
| SDNN daytime | 1.001 (0.971–1.033), p = 0.935 | 0.999 (0.978–1.021), p = 0.928 | 1.034 (0.984–1.086), p = 0.184 | 0.991 (0.971–1.012), p = 0.397 | 0.987 (0.973–1.001), p = 0.062 |
| RMSSD daytime | 1.018 (1.001–1.035), p = 0.035 | 1.000 (0.981–1.019), p = 0.983 | 1.031 (1.009–1.054), p = 0.006 | 1.000 (0.984–1.017), p = 0.969 | 0.993 (0.980–1.006), p = 0.291 |
| SDNN nighttime | 0.986 (0.960–1.013), p = 0.986 | 1.002 (0.988–1.016), p = 0.795 | 1.014 (0.983–1.047), p = 0.377 | 0.991 (0.976–1.07), p = 0.274 | 0.995 (0.986–1.005), p = 0.321 |
| RMSSD nighttime | 1.006 (0.990–1.022), p = 0.449 | 1.002 (0.990–1.015), p = 0.751 | 1.018 (0.998–1.038), p = 0.077 | 0.996 (0.982–1.010), p = 0.555 | 0.995 (0.986–1.004), p = 0.286 |
| LF daytime | 0.964 (0.941–0.988), p = 0.004 | 0.993 (0.975–1.010), p = 0.404 | 0.946 (0.897–0.997), p = 0.039 | 0.983 (0.968–0.999), p = 0.038 | 0.989 (0.979–1.000), p = 0.058 |
| HF daytime | 1.024 (0.994–1.055), p = 0.122 | 1.013 (0.991–1.035), p = 0.247 | 1.034 (0.977–1.095), p = 0.247 | 1.016 (0.996–1.036), p = 0.117 | 1.006 (0.992–1.020), p = 0.428 |
| LF nighttime | 0.978 (0.954–1.002), p = 0.076 | 1.00 (0.982–1.017), p = 0.969 | 0.985 (0.936–1.036), p = 0.555 | 0.994 (0.978–1.011), p = 0.486 | 0.993 (0.982–1.004), p = 0.192 |
| HF nighttime | 1.001 (0.971–1.031), p = 0.967 | 0.995 (0.975–1.016), p = 0.627 | 0.947 (0.868–1.034), p = 0.227 | 0.999 (0.980–1.019), p = 0.921 | 1.004 (0.991–1.017), p = 0.526 |
| LF/HF daytime | 0.808 (0.632–1.034), p = 0.091 | 0.889 (0.786–1.005), p = 0.06 | 0.588 (0.249–1.389), p = 0.226 | 0.869 (0.769–0.982), p = 0.024 | 0.977 (0.931–1.025), p = 0.348 |
| LF/HF nighttime | 0.967 (0.855–1.095), p = 0.6 | 1.009 (0.957–1.065), p = 0.73 | 0.941 (0.684–1.296), p = 0.711 | 1.011 (0.961–1.062), p = 0.678 | 0.975 (0.932–1.019), p = 0.258 |
| Model 2 | |||||
| RMSSD daytime | 1.014 (0.998–1.031), p = 0.090 | n.a. | 1.030 (1.005–1.055), p = 0.020 | n.a. | n.a. |
| LF daytime | 0.973 (0.948–0.999), p = 0.045 | n.a. | 0.943 (0.895–0.994), p = 0.03 | 0.984 (0.967–1.000), p = 0.056 | n.a. |
| LF/HF daytime | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | 0.866 (0.763–0.984), p = 0.028 | n.a. |
| Model 3 | |||||
| RMSSD daytime | n.a. | n.a. | 1.033 (0.992–1.077), p = 0.119 | n.a. | n.a. |
| LF daytime | 0.972 (0.944–1.000), p = 0.053 | n.a. | 0.797 (0.578–1.098), p = 0.165 | n.a. | n.a. |
| LF/HF daytime | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | 0.991 (0.890–1.103), p = 0.190 | n.a. |
Logistic regression analysis according to three different models. Model 1: unadjusted. Model 2: adjusted for age and sex. Model 3: adjusted for age, sex, NIHSS, diabetes, coronary artery disease, medication with beta-blockers, RAAS (renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system) inhibitors and antidepressants. HRV, heart rate variability; OR, odds ratio; mRS, modified Rankin scale; MI, myocardial infarction; MACE, major cardiovascular adverse event, combination of recurrent stroke, myocardial infarction and death; SDNN, standard deviation of beat-to-beat (NN) intervals; RMSSD, Root Mean Square of Successive Differences; LF, low frequency power component; HF, high frequency power component.
The bold values represent statistically significant results.