Table 4.
Between-group comparison of PSQI global and component scores for visual impairment (VI) and no disability subgroups.
| T1 | T2 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No disability | VI | Mann-Whitney U test | No disability | VI | Mann-Whitney U test | ||
| PSQI global score | M (SD) | 6.64 (3.84) | 8.15 (4.94) | U = 24,833, p < 0.05 | 7.04 (3.82) | 8.61 (5.06) | U = 1,967, p = 0.173 |
| Mdn (IQR) | 6.00 (5) | 7.00 (8) | 7.00 (6) | 7.00 (8) | |||
| Sleep duration | M (SD) | 0.39 (0.75) | 0.77 (1.04) | U = 29,169, p < 0.001 | 0.55 (0.83) | 0.82 (1.09) | U = 1,960.5, p = 0.277 |
| Mdn (IQR) | 0.00 (1) | 0.00 (1) | 0.00 (1) | 0.00 (2) | |||
| Sleep efficiency | M (SD) | 1.36 (1.34) | 1.36 (1.34) | U = 23,948.5, p = 0.967 | 1.51 (1.25) | 1.79 (1.43) | U = 1,960.5, p = 0.314 |
| Mdn (IQR) | 1.00 (3) | 1.00 (3) | 1.00 (3) | 3.00 (3) | |||
| Sleep latency | M (SD) | 1.20 (1.02) | 1.45 (1.13) | U = 25,284.5, p < 0.05 | 1.09 (1.03) | 1.20 (1.08) | U = 1,942.5, p = 0.595 |
| Mdn (IQR) | 1.00 (2) | 1.00 (3) | 1.00 (2) | 1.00 (2) | |||
| Sleep disturbance | M (SD) | 1.24 (0.57) | 1.50 (0.71) | U = 28,198.5, p < 0.001 | 1.32 (0.51) | 1.66 (0.76) | U = 2,226, p < 0.05 |
| Mdn (IQR) | 1.00 (1) | 1.00 (1) | 1.00 (1) | 1.00 (1) | |||
| Sleep quality | M (SD) | 1.14 (0.75) | 1.27 (0.89) | U = 26,020.5, p = 0.233 | 1.20 (0.80) | 1.26 (0.78) | U = 1,894.5, p = 0.762 |
| Mdn (IQR) | 1.00 (1) | 1.00 (1) | 1.00 (1) | 1.00 (1) | |||
| Use of sleep medication | M (SD) | 0.39 (0.94) | 0.98 (1.32) | U = 29,560.5, p < 0.001 | 0.34 (0.82) | 0.82 (1.29) | U = 2,071.5, p < 0.05 |
| Mdn (IQR) | 0.00 (0) | 0.00 (3) | 0.00 (0) | 0.00 (2) | |||
| Daytime dysfunction | M (SD) | 0.97 (0.69) | 1.13 (0.87) | U = 26,224.5, p = 0.102 | 1.01 (0.65) | 1.34 (0.91) | U = 2,204, p < 0.05 |
| Mdn (IQR) | 1.00 (0) | 1.00 (1) | 1.00 (0) | 1.00 (1) | |||
M, mean score; SD, standard deviation; Mdn, median score; and IQR, interquartile range. Statistically significant results are shown in bold.