Table 1.
Baseline and clinical characteristics of all patients with proven IPA.
| Parameters |
Survivors
(n = 85) |
Non-survivors
(n = 32) |
P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Male/Female, n | 49/36 | 25/7 | 0.053 |
| Age, years (mean ± SD) | 49.1 ± 12.2 | 61.8 ± 10.1 | <0.001 |
| Chemotherapy, n (%) | 2 (2.4) | 13 (40.6) | <0.001 |
| History of tuberculosis, n (%) | 13 (15.3) | 3 (9.4) | 0.552 |
| Symptoms, n (%) | |||
| Cough | 64 (75.3) | 30 (93.8) | 0.035 |
| Fever | 30 (35.3) | 9 (28.1) | 0.516 |
| Hemoptysis | 46 (54.1) | 16 (50.0) | 0.681 |
| Dyspnea | 10 (11.8) | 11 (34.4) | 0.007 |
| Chest congestion | 15 (17.6) | 8 (25.0) | 0.438 |
| Others | 15 (17.6) | 2 (6.3) | 0.225 |
| Comorbidity, n (%) | |||
| COPD | 4 (4.7) | 10 (31.3) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 21 (24.7) | 9 (28.1) | 0.813 |
| Bronchiectasis | 18 (21.2) | 2 (6.3) | 0.060 |
| Malignancy | 7 (8.2) | 17 (53.1) | <0.001 |
| Two or more diseases | 18 (21.2) | 14 (43.8) | 0.020 |
| WBC (median (interquartile), × 109 cells/L) | 6.4 (4.6–9.6) | 8.2 (6.8–11.8) | 0.004 |
| ALB (mean ± SD, g/L) | 36.8 ± 7.7 | 33.1 ± 6.4 | 0.018 |
| ESR (mean ± SD, mm/h) | 50.9 ± 32.1 | 73.9 ± 37.1 | 0.007 |
| PLT (mean ± SD, × 109 cells/L) | 208.6 ± 102.8 | 254.8 ± 106.4 | 0.037 |
| CRP (median (interquartile), mg/L) | 14.1 (4.0–78.7) | 86.3 (18.6–157.5) | 0.003 |
| IL-6 (median (interquartile), pg/ml) | 17.5 (6.8–43.0) | 113.4 (10.4–196.2) | 0.018 |
| Glycated hemoglobin (mean ± SD) | 8.3 ± 2.5 | 8.0 ± 2.2 | 0.785 |
| GM test positive, n (%) | 13 (15.3) | 4 (12.5) | 1.0 |
| Imaging site, n (%) | |||
| Left lobe | 62 (72.9) | 17 (53.1) | 0.049 |
| Right lobe | 22 (25.9) | 15 (46.9) | 0.044 |
| More than three lesions | 34 (40.0) | 15 (46.9) | 0.534 |
| Imaging features, n (%) | |||
| Consolidation | 45 (52.9) | 26 (81.3) | 0.006 |
| Cavity | 36 (42.4) | 10 (31.3) | 0.297 |
| Halo sign | 9 (10.6) | 5 (15.6) | 0.525 |
| Nodule | 42 (49.4) | 17 (53.1) | 0.837 |
| Ground-glass opacity | 15 (17.6) | 5 (15.6) | 1.0 |
| Pleural effusion | 16 (18.8) | 15 (46.9) | 0.004 |
| Mixed | 33 (38.8) | 15 (46.9) | 0.528 |
| Antibiotic use, n (%) | 29 (34.1) | 16 (50.0) | 0.138 |
| Etiology positive, n (%) | 22 (25.9) | 9 (28.1) | 0.817 |
IPA, invasive pulmonary aspergillosis; SD, standard deviation; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; WBC, white blood cell; ALB, albumin; ESR, erythrocyte sedimentation rate; PLT, platelet; CRP, C-reactive protein; IL-6, interleukin-6; GM, galactomannan.