Table 2.

The effect of exercise on VR-VAS.

Group	Pre-exercise	Post-exercise	P (intergroup)	P (time)	P (interaction)
NCC group	5.65 ± 2.94	3.15 ± 3.70	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001
CC group	59.63 ± 16.92ΔΔ	46.48 ± 28.78ΔΔ**
CE group	58.48 ± 23.37ΔΔ	16.22 ± 11.89▴▴**

ΔΔp < 0.01 compared with NCC group; ▴▴p < 0.01 compared with CC group; and

^**p < 0.01 compared with pre-exercise.