TABLE 1.
Strategies targeting MDSCs.
| Mechanism | Manner | Agents | Type of cancer | Outcomes | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Blockade of recruitment | CCR2 antagonist | PF-04136309 | Pancreatic cancer | ORR: 49% DCR: 97% | Nywening et al. (2016) |
| CCR2 antagonist | 747 | Hepatocellular carcinoma | NA | Yao et al. (2017) | |
| CXCR1/2 inhibitor | Reparxin | Breast cancer | ORR:27.8% | Schott et al. (2017) | |
| CXCR4 antagonist | LY2510924 | Pan-solid cancer | DCR: 20% | Galsky et al. (2014) | |
| CXCR4 antibody | Ulocuplumab (BMS-936564) | Multiple myeloma | ORR:55.2% DCR: 2.4% | Ghobrial et al. (2020) | |
| Deplete and inhibit activation | Vitamin A | ATRA | Small cell lung cancer | ORR: 41.7% | Mirza et al. (2006) |
| Vitamin D | 1,25(OH)2D | Head and neck cancer | NA | Makitie et al. (2020) | |
| Inhibit expansion | CSF-1R inhibitor | GW-2580 | Acute myeloid leukemia | NA | Edwards et al. (2019) |
| CSF-1R inhibitor | Imatinib | Chronic myeloid leukemia | NA | Giallongo et al. (2018) | |
| CSF-1R inhibitor | Pexidartinib (Ib) | Solid cancer | ORR: 16% DCR: 55% | Wesolowski et al. (2019) | |
| Target on metabolic products | Arg-1 inhibitor | INCB001158 plus pembrolizumab (I) | Solid cancer | ORR: 28% DCR: 37% | Naing et al. (2019) |
| Arg-1 inhibitor | INCB001158 (I/II) | Biliary tract cancers | ORR: 24% DCR: 67% mPFS: 8.5m | Javle et al. (2021) | |
| iNOS inhibitor | L-NMMA | Triple-negative breast cancer | ORR: 22.2% | Chung et al. (2019) |