TABLE 2.
Characteristics of Level 1 variables a for men (n = 1,552) and women (n = 1,786).
| Men | Women | — | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Variables | n (%) or M±SD (n) | n (%) or M±SD (n) | Cramer’s V or t-value |
| Occupational status (ISCO) | — | — | 0.40*** |
| Elementary occupations | 48 (3.1) | 53 (3.0) | — |
| Plant and machine operators and assemblers | 200 (12.9) | 66 (3.7) | — |
| Craft and related trades workers | 313 (20.2) | 51 (2.9) | — |
| Skilled agricultural, forestry and fishery workers | 18 (1.2) | 5 (0.3) | — |
| Services and sales workers | 83 (5.3) | 229 (12.8) | — |
| Clerical support workers | 135 (8.7) | 324 (18.1) | — |
| Technicians and associate professionals | 286 (18.4) | 463 (25.9) | — |
| Professionals | 248 (16.0) | 327 (18.3) | — |
| Manager | 95 (6.1) | 55 (3.1) | — |
| Missing | 126 (8.1) | 213 (11.9) | — |
| Average daily income per year | — | — | 26.23*** |
| Average daily income | 137.94 ± 52.1 (1447) | 90.00 ± 49.4 (1668) | |
| Missing | 105 (6.8) | 118 (6.6) | |
| Working time | — | — | 0.54*** |
| Full- and part-time | 6 (0.4) | 33 (1.8) | — |
| Part-time | 83 (5.3) | 865 (48.4) | — |
| Full-time | 1,337 (86.1) | 675 (37.8) | — |
| Missing | 126 (8.1) | 213 (11.9) | — |
| Region of employment | — | — | 0.02 |
| Eastern Germany | 261 (16.8) | 327 (18.3) | — |
| Western Germany | 1,186 (76.4) | 1,341 (75.1) | — |
| Missing | 105 (6.8) | 118 (6.6) | — |
| Numbers of episodes of marginal work | 0.09 ± 0.3 (1,552) | 0.18 ± 0.5 (1,786) | −6.54*** |
| Duration of unemployment | 6.35 ± 43.6 (1,552) | 7.32 ± 46.0 (1,786) | −0.62 |
M mean; SD standard deviation.
a
The database of the variable is provided by IEB, data in 2017.
*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001.