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. 2022 Jan 6;2022(1):CD013790. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD013790.pub2

Comparison 1. Heated tobacco product (HTP) use compared with cigarette smoking.

Outcome or subgroup title No. of studies No. of participants Statistical method Effect size
1.1 Adverse events 6 1713 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 1.03 [0.92, 1.15]
1.2 Serious adverse events 9 2009 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.79 [0.33, 1.94]
1.3 1‐Hydroxypyrene (1‐OHP) 10 1960 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.42 [‐0.67, ‐0.17]
1.3.1 Intention‐to‐treat 4 1154 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.58 [‐0.94, ‐0.21]
1.3.2 Per‐protocol 6 806 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.31 [‐0.68, 0.05]
1.4 1‐Naphthol 1   Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) Totals not selected
1.4.1 Per‐protocol 1   Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) Totals not selected
1.5 2‐Naphthol 1   Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) Totals not selected
1.5.1 Per‐protocol 1   Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) Totals not selected
1.6 Exhaled carbon monoxide (CO) 3 1322 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐9.13 [‐10.49, ‐7.78]
1.6.1 Intention‐to‐treat 1 858 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐6.20 [‐11.01, ‐1.39]
1.6.2 Per‐protocol 2 464 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐9.37 [‐10.73, ‐8.01]
1.7 Carboxyhaemoglobin (COHb) 9 1807 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.74 [‐0.97, ‐0.52]
1.7.1 Intention‐to‐treat 4 1154 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.92 [‐1.44, ‐0.41]
1.7.2 Per‐protocol 5 653 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.61 [‐0.82, ‐0.40]
1.8 3‐Hydroxypropylmercapturic acid (3‐HPMA) 10 1960 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.40 [‐0.62, ‐0.17]
1.8.1 Intention‐to‐treat 4 1154 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.19 [‐0.28, ‐0.11]
1.8.2 Per‐protocol 6 806 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.53 [‐0.94, ‐0.13]
1.9 Monohydroxy‐3‐butenyl mercapturic acid (MHBMA) 10 1960 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐1.15 [‐1.52, ‐0.78]
1.9.1 Intention‐to‐treat 4 1154 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.75 [‐1.06, ‐0.43]
1.9.2 Per‐protocol 6 806 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐1.41 [‐1.95, ‐0.87]
1.10 4‐(Methylnitrosamino)‐1‐(3‐pyridyl)‐1‐butanol (NNAL) 10 1959 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.81 [‐1.07, ‐0.55]
1.10.1 Intention‐to‐treat 4 1154 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.72 [‐1.05, ‐0.38]
1.10.2 Per‐protocol 6 805 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.89 [‐1.32, ‐0.45]
1.11 Forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) 5 1290 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.02 [0.00, 0.03]
1.11.1 Intention‐to‐treat 1 858 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.01 [0.00, 0.03]
1.11.2 Per‐protocol 4 432 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.02 [‐0.00, 0.04]
1.12 Systolic blood pressure 3 288 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.00 [‐0.02, 0.02]
1.12.1 Per‐protocol 3 288 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.00 [‐0.02, 0.02]
1.13 Diastolic blood pressure 3 288 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.00 [‐0.03, 0.03]
1.13.1 Per‐protocol 3 288 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.00 [‐0.03, 0.03]
1.14 Forced vital capacity (FVC) 2 196 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.12 [‐0.45, 0.21]
1.14.1 Per‐protocol 2 196 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.12 [‐0.45, 0.21]