Table 3.

Predictors of admission LT during hospitalization, adjusted for age, sex, chronic medical illness (hypertension, heart failure, chronic renal disease stage 3 or higher, vascular disease, malignancy, autoimmune disease, or pulmonary disease), chronic liver disease, myocardial injury, renal injury, other LT, procalcitonin, ferritin, and d-dimer

Admission
LT abnormality	Predictor	OR (95% CI)	P value	Model AUC
AST ≥ ULN	AKI on admission	3.074 (1.055–8.959)	0.040	0.839 (0.800–0.878)
	Ferritin ≥ 500	2.092 (1.204–3.634)	0.009
	D-dimer >1.0	1.785 (1.035–3.079)	0.037
	ALT elevated	9.834 (5.748–16.824)	<0.001
	ALP elevated	2.435 (1.020–5.814)	0.045
	T. bilirubin ≥ 1 mg/dl	2.948 (1.157–7.510)	0.023
ALT ≥ ULN	Age	0.971 (0.953–0.988)	0.001	0.858 (0.821–0.895)
	Tn ≥ 0.05 ng/ml	0.412 (0.211–0.805)	0.010
	Ferritin ≥ 500	2.576 (1.463–4.536)	0.035
	AST elevated	11.753 (6.792–20.337)	<0.001
ALP ≥ ULN	Ferritin ≥ 500	0.423 (0.211–0.846)	0.015	0.693 (0.622–0.765)
	AST elevated	3.042 (1.413–6.550)	0.0048
	T. bilirubin ≥ 1 mg/dl	2.428 (1.112–5.303)	0.026
T. bilirubin ≥ 1.0	Male sex	6.961 (2.393–20.247)	<0.001	0.775 (0.714–0.835)
	AST elevated	2.999 (1.322–6.803)	0.009
	ALP elevated	2.479 (1.090–5.638)	0.030
AST or ALT ≥ ULN	Age	0.982 (0.967–0.998)	0.025	0.761 (0.715–0.807)
	AKI on admission	3.995 (1.362–11.720)	0.012
	Elevated ALP	5.704 (2.161–15.054)	<0.001
	T. bilirubin ≥ 1 mg/dl	2.727 (1.051–7.076)	0.039
	Ferritin ≥ 500	5.303 (3.214–8.750)	<0.001
AST or ALT ≥ 3 × ULN	Elevated ALP	6.234 (2.583–15.045)	<0.001	0.749 (0.681–0.817)
	T. bilirubin ≥ 1 mg/dl	3.783 (1.615–8.860)	0.002
	Ferritin ≥ 500	11.741 (2.626–52.483)	0.001

AKI, acute kidney injury; ALP, alkaline phosphatase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; AUC, area under the curve; CI, confidence interval; IQR, interquartile range; LT, liver test; OR, odds ratio; ULN, upper limit of normal.