1. Taxonomy of massage practice (Sherman 2006).

Treatment goal	Relaxation massage	Clinical massage	Movement re‐education	Energy work
Intention	Relax muscles, move body fluids, promote wellness	Accomplish specific goals such as releasing muscle spasms	Induce sense of freedom, ease and lightness in body	Hypothesized to free energy blockages
Commonly used styles (examples)	SM, spa massage, sports massage	Myofascial trigger points therapy, myofascial release, strain counterstrain	Proprioceptive, neuromuscular facilitation, strain counterstrain, trager	Acupressure, reiki, polarity, therapeutic touch, tuina
Commonly used techniques (examples)	Gliding, kneading, friction, holding, percussion, vibration	Direct pressure, skin rolling, resistive stretching, stretching manual, cross‐fibre‐friction	Contract‐relax, passive stretching, resistive stretching, rocking	Direction of energy, smoothing, direct pressure, holding, rocking, traction

Abbreviations: SM: Swedish massage.