Table 1.

Characteristics of interleukin-1 inhibitors

Drug	Anakinra	Canakinumab	Rilonacept
Mechanism	Recombinant human protein inhibiting IL-1α and IL-1β	Monoclonal IgG antibody inhibiting IL-1β	Dimeric fusion protein inhibiting IL-1α and IL-1β
Administration	Subcutaneous, intravenous	Subcutaneous	Subcutaneous
Dosing	No loading dose 2 mg/kg (up to 100 mg) daily	No loading dose 4 mg/kg or 150 mg (single dose) every 4–8 weeks	Loading 320 mg (4.4 mg/kg up to 320 mg in 12–17 year olds) Maintenance 160 mg weekly (2.2 mg/kg up to 160 mg in 12–17 year olds)
Dose adjustment	Renal: creatinine clearance < 30 mL/min consider alternate day dosing Hepatic: none necessary	Renal: none necessary Hepatic: none necessary	Renal: none necessary Hepatic: none necessary
Half-life	4–6 h	26 days	7 days
Adverse events	Injection site reactions, infections, hepatitis	Injection site reactions, infections, neutropenia	Injection site reactions, infections, dyslipidemia, neutropenia
Monitoring	C-reactive protein, complete blood count, infection, baseline tuberculosis, and hepatitis screening	C-reactive protein, complete blood count, infection, baseline tuberculosis screening	C-reactive protein, complete blood count, lipid profile, infection