Baicalin effects on OPG and RANKL protein expression in HCEM cells. HCEM cells were cultured in 10% FBS-containing α-MEM. After reaching confluency, 0–1 μM baicalin was added with medium changes being performed at 2-day intervals. After 7 days, the sample was extracted. Western blotting was performed using the Odyssey® Imaging System. Addition of 0.01, 0.1, and 1 μM baicalin enhanced and decreased OPG and RANKL protein expression, respectively, in HCEM cells in a concentration-dependent manner compared with the non-treated group (Fig. 3A and 3B). The lower bands show the β-actin amount, n = 3.