Validation of cytokine expression using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). IL-6, EGF, MCP-1, β-NGF, BTC, and IGF-1 were used for ELISA. (A–C) IL-6, EGF, and MCP-1 were expressed more strongly in human exfoliated deciduous teeth–conditioned medium (SHED-CM) than in dental pulp stem cell–conditioned medium (DPSC-CM). (D–F) β-NGF, BTC, and IGF-1 were expressed more strongly in DPSC-CM than in SHED-CM. Statistically significant differences were observed only for β-NGF a The detailed experimental method was similar to the content of the previously published paper.5 nd IGF-1. Data were obtained from three independent experiments and are expressed as means ± SD (∗p < 0.05 in Mann–Whitney U-test).