Fig. 10.

Nanoengineered CAR-T biohybrids for solid tumor immunotherapy with TME remodeling by mPTT. (A) Schematic illustration of boosted CAR-T immunotherapy by mPTT-mediated breaking of physical and immune barriers; (B) Immunofluorescence imaging of anti-CD31-APC staining tumor vasculature after mPTT treatment; (C) Ultrasound imaging of tumor blood perfusion after mPTT treatment; (D) Collagen I-represented ECM and cell density analysis in tumor sections after mPTT treatment; (E) Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) analysis of chemokines (CCL-2, CCL-5, and CXCL-10); (F) Immunofluorescence imaging of CT-INPs and endogenous immune cells in tumor tissues (n = 3). Sections were stained as blue for nucleus, green for CAR-T, pink for monocytes, and red for NK cells, respectively. Tumor margin was outlined by white dotted line. (Scale bars: 300 µm, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01). Reproduced with permission from [93]. Copyright 2021 Wiley.