Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of patients
| Survived to discharge N = 1191 | Died in hospital N = 485 | P value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | ||||
| Age (years) | 58.84 ± 13.95 | 62.13 ± 12.60 | < 0.001* | |
| Gender (%) | ||||
| Male | 724 (60.8) | 283 (58.4) | 0.385 | |
| Vital signs | ||||
| Heart Rate (times/min, %) | 0 (60–100) | 358 (30.1) | 127 (26.2) | |
| 1 (101–120) | 418 (35.1) | 146 (30.1) | 0.003* | |
| 2 (< 60or 121–140) | 276 (23.2) | 134 (27.6) | ||
| 3 (140–160) | 118 ( 9.9) | 58 (12.0) | ||
| 4 (> 160) | 21 (1.8) | 20 (4.1) | ||
| MBP (mmhg, %) | 0 (65–110) | 226 (19.0) | 81 (16.7) | 0.191 |
| 1 (50–64 or 111–130) | 618 (51.9) | 242 (49.9) | ||
| 2 (< 50 or > 160) | 347 (29.1) | 162 (33.4) | ||
| Breath rate (times/min, %) | 0 (12–24) | 254 (21.3) | 96 (19.8) | 0.525 |
| 1 (10–11 or 25–34) | 641 (53.8) | 252 (52.0) | ||
| 2 (35–49) | 272 (22.8) | 127 (26.2) | ||
| 3 (< 6 or > 49) | 24 (2.0) | 10 (2.1) | ||
| T (℃, %) | 0 (36–37.3) | 333 (28.0) | 184 (37.9) | < 0.001* |
| 1 (37.3–38.2 or 35.001–35.9) | 399 (33.5) | 177 (36.5) | ||
| 2 (38.201–39.1or 34.001–35) | 299 (25.1) | 81 (16.7) | ||
| 3 (39.101–40 or < 34) | 135 (11.3) | 32 (6.6) | ||
| 4(> 40) | 25 (2.1) | 11 (2.3) | ||
| SpO2 | 92.00 [89.00, 95.00] | 91.00 [88.00, 94.00] | < 0.001* | |
| Gcs | 15.00 [14.00, 15.00] | 15.00 [12.00, 15.00] | 0.002* | |
| Sofa | 6.00 [4.00, 9.00] | 8.00 [5.00, 11.00] | < 0.001* | |
| SAPSII | 40.00 [31.00, 49.00] | 49.00 [41.00, 59.00] | < 0.001* | |
| Library tests | ||||
| Glucose (mmol/L, %) | 0 (3.9–7.8) | 380 (31.9) | 138 (28.5) | 0.5 |
| 1 (7.8–11.1) | 390 (32.7) | 167 (34.4) | ||
| 2 (11.2–16.7 or 1.6–3.8) | 276 (23.2) | 123 (25.4) | ||
| 3 (> 16.7 or < 1.6) | 145 (12.2) | 57 (11.8) | ||
| ALBUMIN (g/dl) | 2.82 ± 0.66 | 2.66 ± 0.68 | < 0.001* | |
| BILIRUBIN (mg/dl) | 0.70 [0.40, 1.30] | 0.90 [0.50, 2.70] | < 0.001* | |
| BUN (mg/dl) | 29.00 [18.00, 47.00] | 37.00 [24.00, 58.00] | < 0.001* | |
| CREATININE (mg/dl) | 1.40 [0.90, 2.40] | 1.60 [1.10, 2.80] | < 0.001* | |
| WBC (k/ul) | 13.80 [9.60, 19.90] | 14.50 [8.30, 20.90] | 0.836 | |
| HEMOGLOBIN (g/dl) | 9.62 ± 1.90 | 9.32 ± 1.90 | 0.001* | |
| PLATELET (k/ul) | 180.00 [112.00, 264.00] | 144.00 [60.00, 247.00] | < 0.001* | |
| APTT(s) | 34.50 [29.45, 45.70] | 37.80 [30.80, 55.00] | < 0.001* | |
| INR | 1.40 [1.20, 1.80] | 1.60 [1.30, 2.40] | < 0.001* | |
| PT(s) | 15.20 [13.70, 18.00] | 16.40 [14.20, 21.20] | < 0.001* | |
| TnT (ug/L) | 0.08 [0.03, 0.27] | 0.10 [0.04, 0.37] | < 0.001* | |
| NLR | 8.57 [6.24, 9.94] | 9.38 [7.36, 35.52] | < 0.001* | |
| Blood culture (%) | 413 (34.7) | 193 (39.8) | 0.055 | |
| Blood gas analysis | ||||
| PH (%) | 0 (7.35–7.45) | 426 (35.8) | 139 (28.7) | 0.011* |
| 1 (7.25–7.34 or 7.46–7.55) | 434 (36.4) | 175 (36.1) | ||
| 2 (7.15–7.24 or 7.56–7.65) | 220 (18.5) | 105 (21.6) | ||
| 3 (7.05–7.14) | 82 ( 6.9) | 47 ( 9.7) | ||
| 4 (< 7.05or > 7.66) | 29 ( 2.4) | 19 ( 3.9) | ||
| PO2 (mmhg) | 87.35 ± 45.86 | 84.21 ± 45.24 | 0.042 | |
| PCO2 (mmhg) | 48.13 ± 16.00 | 49.58 ± 17.67 | 0.243 | |
| Oxygenation index | 160.00 [104.64, 237.00] | 147.00 [95.00, 224.00] | 0.017* | |
| BICARBONATE (mmol/L) | 21.00 [18.00, 24.00] | 20.00 [17.00, 23.00] | 0.002* | |
| LACTATE (mmol/L) | 2.10 [1.40, 3.65] | 2.70 [1.70, 4.80] | < 0.001* | |
| Complication | ||||
| CHF (%) | 427 (35.9) | 188 (38.8) | 0.287 | |
| COPD (%) | 332 (27.9) | 154 (31.8) | 0.127 | |
| Renal failure (%) | 240 (20.2) | 129 (26.6) | 0.005* | |
| Liver disease (%) | 209 (17.5) | 162 (33.4) | < 0.001* | |
| Neurologic disease (%) | 184 (15.4) | 65 (13.4) | 0.321 | |
| Cancer (%) | 112 ( 9.4) | 99 (20.4) | < 0.001* | |
| Diabetes (%) | 390 (32.7) | 143 (29.5) | 0.214 | |
| Aids (%) | 14 ( 1.2) | 7 ( 1.4) | 0.838 | |
| Organ transplanted (%) | 79 ( 6.6) | 57 (11.8) | 0.001* | |
| Pneumomycosis (%) | 26 ( 2.2) | 21 ( 4.3) | 0.024* | |
| Intervention | ||||
| Vasopressors (%) | 732 (61.5) | 362 (74.6) | < 0.001* | |
| Vasopressor maximum dose [ug/(dl•min)] | 1.00 [0.00, 3.00] | 2.00 [0.00, 5.00] | < 0.001* | |
| MV (%) | 850 (71.4) | 406 (83.7) | < 0.001* | |
| CRRT (%) | 168 (14.1) | 136 (28.0) | < 0.001* | |
| CVP (%) | 658 (55.2) | 290 (59.8) | 0.099 | |
| Max CVP value (mmhg) | 9.00 [9.00, 20.00] | 9.00 [9.00, 20.00] | 0.509 | |
| Fiberscope (%) | 71 ( 6.0) | 37 ( 7.6) | 0.25 | |
Heart rate, mean arterial pressure, body temperature, PH value, and Glucose was converted into graded categorical variables
Continuous data are presented as mean ± standard deviation (SD), and median (interquartile ranges),categorical data are presented as frequency (percentage)
CHF congestive heart failure; COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; MBP mean blood pressure; NLR neutrophils to lymphocytes ratio; MV mechanical ventilation; CRRT continuous renal replacement treatment; CVP central vein pressure