Table 1.

Mouse strains used to host human immune systems with alterations preventing host-vs-graft and graft-vs-host rejection. Sources: Jax: The Jackson Laboratory; Tac: Taconic; CRL: Charles River Laboratories; Inq: Inquire with original investigator for availability. Note: this is not an exhaustive list of suppliers for most common strains.

Strain (and source)	Mutations	Advantages	Refs
NOD background		Reduced NK cells and C5a function, increased binding of NOD SIRPα to human CD47, which reduces macrophage phagocytosis	[[106], [107], [108]]
NOD.scid (Jax 001303, Tac NODSC, CRL 394)	Prkdcnull (scid)	T- and B-cell deficiency	[106]
NOD.RagKO (Jax 003729)	Rag1null
NSG (Jax 005557)	Prkdcnull (scid) Il2rgnull	Eliminates any residual NK and lymphocyte activity	[109]
NOG (Tac NOG)
NCG (CRL 572)
NRG (Jax 007799)	Rag1nullIl2rgnull		[110]
NRG-NFA2 (Jax 033127)	Rag1nullIl2rgnull Flt3null	Impaired murine myeloid cell development	[111]
NBSGW (Jax 026622)	Prkdcnull (scid) Il2rgnullKitW41	Mutation in the mouse Kit gene limits hematopoiesis, providing an advantage to donor cells, and circumvents the need for irradiation	[112]
NSGW41 (Inq)			[113]
NSG.MHC-I/II−/- (Jax 030547)	Prkdcnull (scid) Il2rgnullB2mnull(IA IE)null	Prevention of xenogeneic reactivity of human immune cells	[114]
NOG.MHC-I/II−/- (Inq)			[115]
BALB/c background
BRG (Tac 11503)	Rag2nullIl2rgnull	Same as NSG, but less frequently used.	[116]
BRGS (GenOway)	Rag2nullIl2rgnull SirpaNOD	Same as BRG, with reduced murine macrophage phagocytosis	[117]
BRGSF (GenOway)	Rag2nullIl2rgnull SirpaNODFlk2null	Same as BRGS, with reduced myeloid cell compartment	[118]
C57BL/6 background
B6RGS (Inq)	Rag2nullIl2rgnull SirpaNOD	Same as BRG, with reduced murine macrophage phagocytosis	[119]
BRAGG47 (Jax 032088)	Rag1nullIl2rgnull CD47null	Phagocytes developing in this strain are more tolerant to transplanted human cells (B6 mice)	[120]