TABLE 1.
Subjects characteristics in the present study.
| HC (N = 39) | SzTypal (N = 14) | Sz (N = 23) | Group comparisons | |
| Male/female | 22/17 | 10/4 | 15/8 | Chi-square = 1.144, p = 0.564 |
| Age at baseline scan (years) | 24.6 (4.7) | 23.0 (4.9) | 23.5 (4.8) | F(2, 73) = 0.788, p = 0.458 |
| Height (cm) | 165.8 (8.0) | 166.6 (9.2) | 165.0 (7.9) | F(2, 73) = 0.169, p = 0.845 |
| Education (years) | 15.6 (2.1) | 12.5 (2.4) | 13.1 (1.6) | F(2, 73) = 17.218, p < 0.001; Sz, SzTypal < C |
| Parental education (years)a | 13.1 (2.4) | 12.1 (1.6) | 12.7 (2.1) | F(2, 73) = 0.947, p = 0.393 |
| Inter-scan interval (years) | 2.5 (0.4) | 2.9 (0.8) | 2.6 (0.8) | F(2, 73) = 1.867, p = 0.162 |
| Onset age (years) | – | – | 22.4 (4.9) | – |
| Illness duration at baseline (months) | – | – | 9.5 (9.1) | – |
| Medication dose (haloperidol equivalent mg) | ||||
| Dose at baseline (mg/day) | – | 6.4 (7.6) | 13.5 (11.4) | F(1, 35) = 4.331, p = 0.045; SzTypal < Sz |
| Cumulative dose during follow-up (mg) | – | 7030.7 (7243.2) | 9526.4 (8609.2) | F(1, 35) = 0.820, p = 0.371 |
| Duration of medication at baseline (months) | – | 42.3 (60.2) | 7.8 (9.7) | F(1, 35) = 7.379, p = 0.010; Sz < SzTypal |
| Total SAPS scorea | ||||
| Baseline | – | 17.6 (9.6) | 29.0 (24.3) | F(1, 31) = 2.572, p = 0.119 |
| Follow-up | – | 13.6 (11.3) | 17.0 (17.1) | F(1, 34) = 0.452, p = 0.506 |
| Total SANS scorea | ||||
| Baseline | – | 54.8 (22.1) | 52.1 (25.5) | F(1, 31) = 0.099, p = 0.755 |
| Follow-up | – | 42.3 (16.6) | 38.0 (22.5) | F(1, 34) = 0.376, p = 0.544 |
| Data are shown as means (SD). |
aData were missing for 4 patients (1 schizotypal and 3 schizophrenia patients) at baseline and for 1 schizophrenia patient in the follow-up. HC, healthy controls; SANS, scale for the assessment of negative symptoms; SAPS, scale for the assessment of positive symptoms; Sz, schizophrenia; SzTypal, schizotypal disorder.