Table 2.

Summary results of the meta-analyses.

Outcomes of interest	Studies, n	RG	LG	OR (95%CI)	P-value	Heterogeneity
						χ 2	df	I 2, %	P-value
Short-term outcomes
Operative time (min)	17	4,993	5,461	39.97 (31.15, 48.79)	<0.00001	415.92	16	96	<0.00001
Blood loss (ml)	16	4,925	5,393	-15.87 (-23.35, -8.39)	<0.0001	63.05	15	76	<0.00001
Proximal resection margin (cm)	6	1,117	1,319	-0.02 (-0.20, 0.17)	0.85	4.75	5	0	0.45
Distal resection margin (cm)	6	1,117	1,319	0.07 (-0.13, 0.27)	0.51	5.71	5	12	0.34
Number of retrieved lymph node	16	5,004	5,837	1.75 (0.90, 2.60)	<0.0001	50	15	70	<0.0001
Overall complications	17	4,823	5,292	0.81 (0.72, 0.91)	0.0003	22.65	16	29	0.12
Major complications	17	4,780	5,249	0.67 (0.55, 0.82)	0.0001	15.07	16	0	0.52
Conversion rate	4	2,301	2,567	0.66 (0.40, 1.07)	0.09	1.76	3	0	0.62
Anastomosis site leakage	14	4,474	4,943	0.93 (0.67, 1.29)	0.67	10.27	13	0	0.67
Ileus	12	4,424	4,893	0.82 (0.52, 1.28)	0.38	7.69	11	0	0.74
Abdominal bleeding	12	4,001	4,470	0.66 (0.41, 1.07)	0.09	6.60	11	0	0.83
Anastomotic stenosis	5	2,630	2,630	1.00 (0.48, 2.08)	1.00	2.92	4	0	0.57
Duodenal stump leakage	6	3,192	3,458	0.88 (0.53, 1.45)	0.61	2.93	5	0	0.69
Reoperation	5	1,197	1,464	0.63 (0.33, 1.20)	0.16	1.21	4	0	0.95
Time to first flatus (day)	12	4,270	4,538	-0.14 (-0.22, -0.07)	0.0003	31.32	11	65	0.001
Time to oral intake (day)	15	4,604	5,673	-0.12 (-0.18, -0.06)	0.0001	17.53	14	20	0.23
Length of stay (day)	18	5,765	6,562	-0.31 (-0.47, -0.15)	0.0001	22.58	17	25	0.16
Cost (USD)	4	2,255	2,723	0.34 (0.32, 0.36)	<0.00001	3.32	3	10	0.34
Oncological outcomes
OS	7	3,475	4,106	0.96 (0.86, 1.07)	0.50	3.06	6	0	0.80
RFS	5	2,732	2,732	0.98 (0.80, 1.21)	0.85	2.29	4	0	0.68

RG, robotic gastrectomy; LG, laparoscopic gastrectomy; MD, mean difference; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.