Table 5.

Brain regions alternation and its potential impact.

Brain regions	Experimental result	Brain function	Anticipated results
Frontal_Sup_Medial_R	MMD < HCs	Motor movement, working memory, cognitive ability, emotional regulation	Social and emotional problems, motor function defects, stress disorders and depression, cognitive disorders.
Precentral_L	MMD < HCs	Speech articulation, motor movement, planning of movement	Aphasia, muscle weakness, paralysis
Caudate_L	MMD > HCs	Motor processing, spatial mnemonic processing, procedural learning, associative learning, inhibitory control of action	Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, spatial movement disorder, defects in working memory, aesthetic obstacles, linguistic barrier

MMD, moyamoya disease; HC, healthy control.