Table 2.
Association between demographic factors and risk of discontinuation in the overall cohort and risk factors for early discontinuation
| Variable | Overall Cohort Hazard Ratio (95% Confidence Interval) | Early Discontinuationa Hazard Ratio (95% Confidence Interval) |
| Treatment modality | ||
| PD only (versus HD only as reference) | 0.45 (0.42 to 0.49) | 0.37 (0.33 to 0.41) |
| HD to PD (versus HD only as reference) | 1.02 (0.97 to 1.07) | 0.74 (0.67 to 0.82) |
| PD to HD (versus PD only as reference) | 2.73 (2.46 to 3.03) | 3.22 (2.72 to 3.81) |
| Age at dialysis onset (yr) | ||
| 18–29 | Reference | Reference |
| 30–64 | 4.11 (3.25 to 5.20) | 3.68 (2.55 to 5.32) |
| ≥65 | 15.85 (12.54 to 20.03) | 14.63 (10.15 to 21.10) |
| Sex | ||
| Male | Reference | Reference |
| Female | 1.16 (1.13 to 1.19) | 1.17 (1.13 to 1.21) |
| Race/Ethnicity | ||
| Non-Hispanic White | Reference | Reference |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 0.32 (0.31 to 0.33) | 0.31 (0.30 to 0.33) |
| Hispanic | 0.29 (0.27 to 0.30) | 0.27 (0.25 to 0.29) |
| Other | 0.30 (0.28 to 0.32) | 0.27 (0.24 to 0.31) |
| Region | ||
| West | Reference | Reference |
| Midwest | 1.16 (1.12 to 1.21) | 1.12 (1.06 to 1.17) |
| South | 1.04 (1.01 to 1.08) | 1.03 (0.98 to 1.08) |
| Northeast | 0.77 (0.74 to 0.80) | 0.71 (0.67 to 0.75) |
| Median income in zip code | 0.97 (0.97 to 0.98) | 0.97 (0.96 to 0.98) |
| Primary cause of renal failure | ||
| Diabetes mellitus | Reference | Reference |
| Hypertension | 1.04 (1.01 to 1.08) | 1.12 (1.07 to 1.17) |
| GN | 0.81 (0.77 to 0.86) | 0.89 (0.82 to 0.97) |
| Cystic kidney disease | 0.67 (0.60 to 0.75) | 0.52 (0.43 to 0.63) |
| Other/Unknown cause | 1.02 (0.99 to 1.07) | 1.35 (1.28 to 1.42) |
| Yr of dialysis initiation | ||
| 2005–2008 | Reference | Reference |
| 2009–2012 | 1.22 (1.18 to 1.25) | 1.16 (1.12 to 1.21) |
| 2013–2015 | 1.61 (1.56 to 1.66) | 1.55 (1.49 to 1.62) |
| Uninsured (versus Insured) | 0.57 (0.53 to 0.62) | 0.53 (0.46 to 0.61) |
| Comorbidity (versus without condition) | ||
| Stroke | 1.42 (1.37 to 1.47) | 1.46 (1.39 to 1.53) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 1.01 (0.97 to 1.04) | 0.96 (0.92 to 1.00) |
| Hypertension | 0.92 (0.89 to 0.95) | 0.83 (0.80 to 0.87) |
| Heart failure | 1.20 (1.17 to 1.23) | 1.28 (1.23 to 1.32) |
| Coronary artery disease | 1.09 (1.06 to 1.12) | 1.06 (1.02 to 1.11) |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 1.20 (1.16 to 1.24) | 1.22 (1.16 to 1.27) |
| Malignancy | 1.42 (1.37 to 1.48) | 1.49 (1.42 to 1.56) |
| Smoking | 1.13 (1.07 to 1.18) | 1.05 (0.98 to 1.13) |
| Drug dependence | 1.03 (0.88 to 1.20) | 1.31 (1.06 to 1.62) |
PD, peritoneal dialysis; HD, hemodialysis.
a
Analysis limited to 1.9 yr of follow-up (median time to discontinuation of dialysis for overall cohort).