TABLE 1.

Inclusion and exclusion criteria for all participants with and without urgency and frequency predominant lower urinary tract symptoms (UFLUTS)

Inclusion Criteria	Exclusion Criteria
All	• Stress urinary incontinence or mixed incontinence more than once per month
• Women, ages 18–60	• Current or recurrent urinary tract infectiona or gynecologic infection or cancer
• Able to speak and	• Pelvic organ prolapsea
understand English	• Previous surgery for prolapse or incontinence
Cases w/ UFLUTS	• Hip, pelvic, or trunk trauma or cancer
• Bothersome urgency or	• Abdominal or pelvic surgery in the past year
frequency in the past	• Current injury that would limit their ability to participate in testing
4 weeks	• Onabotulinumtoxin injections to the bladder, pelvic floor or hip muscles
Controls	• Vulvovaginal dermatological conditions associated with UFLUTS
• No UFLUTS in the past	• Diabetes
6 months	• Current pregnancya or birth/termination/miscarriage in the past 12 weeks
• Age, BMI, & parity	• Neurological involvement that would influence their coordination or balance
matched to cases	• Implanted devices that impair the ability to visualize / make ultrasound measuresb

^aItems ruled out during final eligibility exam

^bA separate study with the same participants called for ultrasound imaging¹⁵