FIGURE 2.

Overview of potential effects of manufacturing on lactobacillacae NF and EM. L. rhamnosus GG spaCBA pili has been shown to be at least partially removed by centrifugation (8,000 g, 30 min) or spray-drying. StsP has been shown to be predominantly produced in the stationary growth phase of L. plantarum WCFS1, and is regulated in response to intestinal conditions (Bron et al., 2004; Marco et al., 2010; Remus et al., 2012). In analogy to what has been shown in L. casei and L. plantarum, it can be proposed that lipoteichoic acid (LTA) and exopolysaccharides (EPS) structures of L. rhamnosus GG can be modified by cations and/or other positively charged compounds.