Table 3.
Factors associated with depression.
| Domain | Risk factor | No. investigated | + | ∼ | – |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sociodemographic factors | Ethnicity (Caucasian) | 11 / 40 | 2 | 7 | 2 |
| Gender (female) | 40 / 40 | 9 | 31 | 0 | |
| Age (older) | 36 / 40 | 8 | 19 | 7 | |
| Somatic factors | cancer treatment | 23 / 40 | 8 | 15 | 0 |
| cancer type | 16 / 40 | 3 | 13 | 0 | |
| cancer symptoms | 11 / 40 | 8 | 3 | 0 | |
| cancer stage | 23 / 40 | 4 | 19 | 0 | |
| comorbidities | 15 / 40 | 9 | 6 | 0 | |
| metastases | 8 / 40 | 4 | 4 | 0 | |
| pain | 7 / 40 | 4 | 3 | 0 | |
| physical functioning | 10 / 40 | 8 | 2 | 0 | |
| Social factors | educational level (lower) | 30 / 40 | 6 | 24 | 0 |
| relationship status (single / separated / widowed) | 29 / 40 | 12 | 17 | 0 | |
| socioeconomic status (lower) | 25 / 40 | 10 | 15 | 0 | |
| level of social support | 12 / 40 | 8 | 4 | 0 | |
| Psychological factors | previous depression | 13 / 40 | 13 | 0 | 0 |
| psychological / psychiatric history | 20 / 40 | 13 | 7 | 0 | |
| personality factors (introverted) | 10 / 40 | 9 | 0 | 1 | |
| disease awareness | 2 / 40 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
| health behavior (worse) | 9 / 40 | 3 | 6 | 0 | |
| coping behavior (passive) | 5 / 40 | 4 | 1 | 0 |
+ positive association; ∼ no association; - negative association; reference value for risk factor in parentheses.