. 2022 Jan 7;12:226. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-03943-z

Table 2.

Mendelian inheritance for male parent identification.

Species	Parent pair (female, male)	Homozygous for different allele	Number of sites	Heterozygous genotypes in all offspring (percentage)
Anopheles coluzzii	Ac-F0-F01 Ac-F0-M01	Ref × Alt Alt × Ref	9038 8227	6962 (77.03%) 6584 (80.03%)
Ac-F0-F01 Ac-F0-M02	Ref × Alt Alt × Ref	40,095 39,555	8 (0.02%) 2 (0.01%)
Ac-F0-F01 Ac-F0-M03	Ref × Alt Alt × Ref	33,316 28,923	3 (0.01%) 15 (0.05%)
Ac-F0-F01 Ac-F0-M04	Ref × Alt Alt × Ref	18,591 14,986	5 (0.03%) 3 (0.02%)
Anopheles stephensi	As19-STE2-PF1 As19-STE2-PM1	Ref × Alt Alt × Ref	19,740 29,616	16,523 (83.70%) 25,100 (84.75%)
As19-STE2-PF1 As19-STE2-PM2	Ref × Alt Alt × Ref	30,949 43,070	44 (0.14%) 42 (0.10%)

Species

Parent pair (female, male)

Homozygous for different allele

Number of sites

Heterozygous genotypes in all offspring (percentage)

Anopheles coluzzii

Ac-F0-F01

Ac-F0-M01

Ref × Alt

Alt × Ref

9038

8227

6962 (77.03%)

6584 (80.03%)

Ac-F0-F01

Ac-F0-M02

Ref × Alt

Alt × Ref

40,095

39,555

8 (0.02%)

2 (0.01%)

Ac-F0-F01

Ac-F0-M03

Ref × Alt

Alt × Ref

33,316

28,923

3 (0.01%)

15 (0.05%)

Ac-F0-F01

Ac-F0-M04

Ref × Alt

Alt × Ref

18,591

14,986

5 (0.03%)

3 (0.02%)

Anopheles stephensi

As19-STE2-PF1

As19-STE2-PM1

Ref × Alt

Alt × Ref

19,740

29,616

16,523 (83.70%)

25,100 (84.75%)

As19-STE2-PF1

As19-STE2-PM2

Ref × Alt

Alt × Ref

30,949

43,070

44 (0.14%)

42 (0.10%)

The Mendelian inheritance-based approach for paternity analysis reveals the number of sites at which all offspring are heterozygous for different pairs of parents where parents are homozygous for different alleles.