Table 4. Factors associated with HIV drug resistance among newly diagnosed HIV individuals in 2015 and 2018, China.

Factors	Total	TDR (%)	OR (95% CI)	P	AOR (95% CI)	P
Abbreviations: HIV=human immunodeficiency virus; TDR=transmitted drug resistance; OR=odds ratio; CI=confidence interval; AOR=adjusted odds ratio; HET=heterosexual; MSM=men who have sex with men; IDU=injecting drug users.
Total	8,980	367 (4.1)
Age (years)
16–25	2,230	78 (3.5)	1.00		1.00
26–49	5,099	209 (4.1)	1.24 (0.95–1.61)	0.12	1.21 (0.93–1.58)	0.16
≥50	1,538	72 (4.7)	1.41 (1.02–1.95)	0.04	1.39 (1.00–1.94)	0.05
Unknown	113	8 (7.1)	2.11 (1.00–4.48)	0.05	2.05 (0.96–4.37)	0.06
Sex
Male	7,358	299 (4.1)	1.00
Female	1,557	65 (4.2)	1.03 (0.78–1.35)	0.84
Unknown	65	3 (4.6)	1.12 (0.35–3.60)	0.84
Education
Primary school	2,331	90 (3.9)	1.00
Junior high school	2,617	120 (4.6)	1.20 (0.91–1.58)	0.21
Senior high school or above	3,646	147 (4.0)	1.05 (0.80–1.37)	0.74
Unknown	386	10 (2.6)	0.66 (0.34–1.28)	0.22
Route of HIV transmission
HET	4,714	201 (4.3)	1.00
MSM	3,761	140 (3.7)	0.87 (0.70–1.08)	0.21
IDU	168	11 (6.5)	1.57 (0.84–2.95)	0.16
Others	337	15 (4.5)	1.04 (0.61–1.78)	0.89
Subtype
CRF01_AE	3,413	135 (4.0)	1.00		1.00
CRF07_BC	3,371	107 (3.2)	1.26 (0.97–1.63)	0.08	1.25 (0.97–1.62)	0.09
CRF08_BC	802	37 (4.6)	1.48 (1.01–2.16)	0.05	1.51 (1.03–2.23)	0.04
CRF55_01B	278	34 (12.2)	4.25 (2.83–6.39)	<0.001	4.17 (2.77–6.27)	<0.001
B	444	19 (4.3)	1.36 (0.83–2.25)	0.22	1.36 (0.83–2.24)	0.23
Others	672	35 (5.2)	1.67 (1.13–2.47)	0.01	1.69 (1.14–2.49)	0.01
Year
2015	4,704	178 (3.8)	1.00
2018	4,276	189 (4.4)	1.18 (0.95–1.45)	0.13