Table 4.

Demographics and clinical characteristics of matched group (B) of COVID-19 patients hospitalized in severe condition with matched controls of SARS-CoV-2-positive individuals not hospitalized

	Cases COVID-19 severe N = 2533	Controls SARS-CoV-2 positive not hospitalized N = 2533	p value
Female (%)	1313 (51.8%)	1313 (51.8%)	1.000
Age, median [IQR]	74 [63–83]	74 [63–83]	1.000
Socio Economic Status (%)
Missing	301 (11.9%)	301 (11.9%)	1.000
Low	1091 (43.1%)	1091 (43.1%)	1.000
Medium	1102 (43.5%)	1102 (43.5%)	1.000
High	39 (1.5%)	39 (1.5%)	1.000
Ethnic group (%)
General	1647 (65.0%)	1774 (70.0%)	< 0.001
Ultra-Orthodox	201 (7.9%)	311 (12.3%)	< 0.001
Arab Population	685 (27.0%)	448 (17.7%)	< 0.001
Vitamin D level last measured, median [IQR]	47.8 [30.9, 67.0]	53.8 [36.9, 71.1]	< 0.001
Range (%)
< 30 nmol/L	613 (24.2%)	425 (16.8%)	< 0.001
30–50 nmol/L	720 (28.4%)	706 (27.9%)	0.685
50–75 nmol/L	777 (30.7%)	893 (35.3%)	< 0.001
> 75 nmol/L	423 (16.7%)	509 (20.1%)	< 0.001
BMI, median [IQR]	29.1 [25.5–33.6]	27.9 [24.9–31.6]	< 0.001
< 25 kg/m2	560 (22.1%)	654 (25.8%)	0.002
25–30 kg/m2	853 (33.7%)	999 (39.4%)	< 0.001
30–35 kg/m2	642 (25.3%)	573 (22.6%)	0.025
> 35 kg/m2	478 (18.9%)	307 (12.1%)	< 0.001
Comorbidity
Arrhythmia	591 (23.3%)	446 (17.6%)	< 0.001
Asthma	203 (8.0%)	156 (6.2%)	0.010
CHF	428 (16.9%)	172 (6.8%)	< 0.001
COPD	278 (11.0%)	141 (5.6%)	0.185
Chronic Renal Failure	581 (22.9%)	240 (9.5%)	< 0.001
Diabetes Mellitus	1308 (51.6%)	896 (35.4%)	< 0.001
Hypertension	1748 (69.0%)	1440 (56.8%)	< 0.001
IHD	785 (31.0%)	571 (22.5%)	< 0.001
Malignancy	478 (18.9%)	389 (15.4%)	0.001
COVID-19 disease severity
Not hospitalized		2533 (100.0%)
Hospitalized in severe condition	1430 (56.5%)
Deceased	1103 (43.5%)

IQR interquartile range, BMI body mass index, CHF congestive heart failure, COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, IHD ischemic heart disease