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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Am Geriatr Soc. 2021 Oct 2;70(1):40–48. doi: 10.1111/jgs.17463

Table 2.

Crude and risk-adjusted advance care planning, DNR orders, treatment intensity and mortality rates among hospitalized older adults with COVID-19 March-June 2020, by dementia status

Variable No Dementia Dementia OR LB 95% CI UB 95% CI p-value
Crude
ACP 17% 28% 2.1 1.7 2.7 <0.0001
DNR 22% 52% 4.3 3.5 5.2 <0.0001
ICU 28% 26% 0.9 0.7 1.1 0.258
MV 16% 11% 0.6 0.5 0.8 0.001
Mortality 14% 22% 1.9 1.5 2.3 <0.0001
Risk-Adjusted *
ACP 17% 26% 1.8 1.4 2.3 <0.0001
DNR 21% 47% 3.6 2.9 4.4 <0.0001
ICU 28% 26% 0.9 0.7 1.2 0.487
MV 16% 12% 0.7 0.5 1.0 0.044
Mortality 13% 19% 1.5 1.2 2.0 <0.0001
Risk + ACP Adjusted **
DNR 21% 46% 3.4 2.7 4.2 <0.0001
ICU 28% 26% 0.9 0.7 1.2 0.539
MV 16% 12% 0.7 0.5 1.0 0.050
Mortality 13% 18% 1.5 1.1 1.9 0.002
*

Adjusted for age, sex, race, ethnicity, and comorbidities (Cancer, Cirrhosis, CAD/MI, CVA/Stroke, Diabetes, HIV/AIDS, Hypertension, Heart Failure, Chronic Kidney Disease, Renal Failure, Asthma, Emphysema/COPD, Smoker, Obesity), month hospitalization, and clustering by hospital.

**

Also adjusted for advance care planning (ACP) conversation billing and documentation during the hospitalization.