AE indicates adverse event.
aCOVID-19 resulted in 2 missed 24-month visits in the open-loop group.
bAll randomized patients (67 in the closed-loop group and 67 in the open-loop group) were included in the analysis of the primary outcome, visual analog scale pain, using a last value carried forward approach to account for missing data. Patients who completed the 24-month visit (50 in the closed-loop group and 42 in the open-loop group) were included in the analysis of secondary outcomes.