Table 3.

SARS-Cov2 SEROPREVALENCE (ELISA-S ≥ 1.1¹) according to living conditions, and individual socio-economic factors in people living in France²: the national EpiCov cohort, round 1—May 2020: univariate and multivariate analysis

	Univariate analysis3				Multivatiate analysis3
	%	ORcr	95% CI	P	OR adj	95% CI	P
Population density in municipality of usual residence
Low	3.4	Ref		< 0.001	Ref		< 0.001
Medium	3.3	0.9	[0.7–1.4]		1.1	[0.8–1.6]
High	6.4	1.9	[1.4–2.7]		1.9	[1.3–2.7]
Number people in the household
1	2.1	Ref		< 0.001	Ref		< 0.001
2	2.7	1.3	[0.8–2.1]		1.4	[0.8–2.3]
3	5.2	2.5	[1.5–4.1]		2.1	[1.2–3.5]
4	7.1	3.6	[2.2–5.8]		2.5	[1.4–4.3]
5 or more	8.5	4.4	[2.5–7.6]		3.5	[1.8–6.7]
Gender							0.13
Men	3.9	Ref		0.053	Ref
Women	5.0	1.3	[1.0–1.7]		1.2	[0.9–1.6]
Age (years)
15–20	3.6	0.5	[0.3–0.8]	< 0.001	0.5	[0.3–1.0]	0.002
21–29	5.7	0.8	[0.5–1.2]		0.7	[0.5–1.1]
30–49	6.9	Ref			ref
50–64	4.5	0.6	[0.5–0.9]		0.9	[0.6–1.2]
> 64	1.3	0.2	[0.1–0.3]		0.3	[0.2–0.6]
Tobacco use
Daily smoker	2.8	Ref		0.031	Ref		0.015
Occasional smoker	5.1	1.8	[1.0–3.5]		2.0	[1.0–4.0]
Ex-smoker	4.5	1.6	[1.0–2.6]		1.9	[1.2–3.1]
Non-smoker	5.1	1.8	[1.2–2.8]		2.0	[1.3–3.0]
Immigration status
French native	4.1	Ref		< 0.001	Ref		0.55
1st gen immigrant from Europe4	4.8	1.2	[0.6–2.3]		1.4	[0.7–2.9]
1st gen immigrant from outside Europe4	9.4	2.4	[1.5–4.0]		1.6	[0.9–2.8]
2nd gen immigrant from Europe5	3.6	0.9	[0.5–1.5]		1.0	[0.6–1.6]
2nd gen immigrant from outside Europe5	6.2	1.5	[0.9–2.6]		1.1	[0.6–2.0]
Occupational status
Healthcare profession6	11.4	2.1	[1.4–3.2]	< 0.001	2.2	[1.4–3.3]	0.002
Other essential profession7	5.2	0.9	[0.6–1.3]		1.0	[0.7–1.5]
Non-essential profession	5.7	Ref			Ref
No occupation	3.0	0.5	[0.4–0.7]		0.9	[0.6–1.3]
Highest diploma attained
< High school	2.8	0.5	[0.3–0.7]	< 0.001	0.7	[0.5–0.9]	0.034
≥ High school and < Bachelor’s degree	5.8	Ref			Ref
≥ Bachelor’s degree	6.2	1.1	[0.8–1.4]		0.8	[0.6–1.1]
Family income per capita (deciles)
D01 (lowest)	5.7	2.0	[1.0–3.9]	0.008	1.6	[0.8–3.2]	0.004
D02–D03	4.8	1.7	[1.1–2.6]		1.7	[1.1–2.6]
D04–D05	3.3	1.1	[0.7–1.7]		1.1	[0.7–1.7]
D06–D07	2.9	Ref			Ref
D08–D09	5.5	1.9	[1.4–2.7]		1.8	[1.3–2.6]
D10 (highest)	6.0	2.1	[1.5–3.1]		1.9	[1.3–3.0]

Bold is used to underline % and OR

¹Home sampling for finger prick/Euroimmun ELISA-S test

²People aged 15 or over, living in mainland France, but not in residential care homes for the elderly or prisons

³The sampling design is taken into account for the estimation of prevalence, crude and adjusted odds ratios, confidence intervals and tests, with the SAS procsurvey procedure. The percentages are weighted by sampling weight (the inverse of e inclusion probability), corrected for non-response probability and calibrated on the margin of the census. The prevalences are not equal to n/N

⁴First-generation immigrants: born non-French outside France and living permanently in France (including those who subsequently acquired French nationality)

⁵Second-generation immigrants: born and living in France, with at least one parent a first-generation immigrant

⁶Including medical and paramedical professionals, Firefighters, Pharmacists and ambulance drivers (but not including hospital cleaners, for example)

⁷Home helps or housekeepers, food shop workers, delivery drivers, public transportation drivers, cab drivers, bank customer service or reception staff, petrol station employees, police officers, postal workers, cleaning staff, security guards, construction workers, truck drivers, farmers and social workers