Table 4.
Characteristics of the pooled sample and subsamples
| Variables | Pooled sample (%) | Subsamples | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| S1 (%) | S2 (%) | S3 (%) | S4 (%) | S5 (%) | S6 (%) | S7 (%) | S8 (%) | S9 (%) | Kruskal-Wallis test (p value) | ||
| Gender | |||||||||||
| Male = 1 | 45.1 | 43.7 | 46.0 | 49.2 | 44.7 | 44.8 | 44.9 | 47.3 | 42.5 | 42.5 | 0.837 |
| Female = 0 | 54.9 | 56.3 | 54.0 | 50.8 | 55.3 | 55.2 | 55.1 | 52.7 | 57.5 | 57.5 | |
| Age | |||||||||||
| 18–25 = 1 | 27.4 | 22.8 | 26.0 | 32.7 | 23.5 | 27.8 | 27.0 | 29.2 | 30.5 | 27.2 | 0.186 |
| 26–30 = 2 | 18.9 | 19.7 | 21.5 | 15.8 | 17.4 | 23.8 | 21.5 | 18.1 | 16.0 | 16.7 | |
| 31–40 = 3 | 31.6 | 30.7 | 32.1 | 33.1 | 35.8 | 23.1 | 35.5 | 30.3 | 33.1 | 31.0 | |
| ≥ 41 = 4 | 22.1 | 26.8 | 20.4 | 18.8 | 23.2 | 25.3 | 16.0 | 22.4 | 20.4 | 25.1 | |
| Education background | |||||||||||
| Junior college and below = 1 | 17.2 | 16.5 | 21.9 | 15.0 | 15.7 | 18.4 | 19.1 | 17.0 | 14.9 | 16.7 | 0.850 |
| Undergraduate = 2 | 48.7 | 45.3 | 43.0 | 51.1 | 50.2 | 47.3 | 48.8 | 52.0 | 49.8 | 49.8 | |
| Postgraduate and above = 3 | 34.1 | 38.2 | 35.1 | 33.8 | 34.1 | 34.3 | 32.0 | 31.0 | 35.3 | 33.4 | |
| Average monthly income in 2019 (¥) | |||||||||||
| ≤ 2000 = 1 | 22.3 | 20.1 | 22.6 | 25.9 | 18.1 | 25.6 | 25.0 | 19.5 | 24.7 | 19.9 | 0.094 |
| 2001–5000 = 2 | 20.7 | 17.7 | 29.4 | 18.4 | 19.1 | 19.9 | 22.7 | 24.5 | 15.6 | 19.5 | |
| 5001–8000 = 3 | 24.2 | 29.9 | 18.9 | 25.2 | 26.6 | 25.3 | 18.4 | 22.7 | 25.8 | 24.4 | |
| ≥ 8000 = 4 | 32.8 | 32.3 | 29.1 | 30.5 | 36.2 | 29.2 | 34.0 | 33.2 | 33.8 | 36.2 | |
| Engaged in medical related work | |||||||||||
| No = 0 | 93.6 | 94.5 | 93.2 | 93.2 | 94.5 | 91.7 | 94.5 | 94.2 | 95.3 | 91.6 | 0.617 |
| Yes = 1 | 6.4 | 5.5 | 6.8 | 6.8 | 5.5 | 8.3 | 5.5 | 5.8 | 4.7 | 8.4 | |
| Marriage | |||||||||||
| Unmarried = 0 | 45.3 | 42.5 | 50.6 | 46.2 | 39.2 | 50.5 | 44.5 | 45.1 | 44.4 | 44.9 | 0.179 |
| Married, divorced or widowed = 1 | 54.7 | 57.5 | 49.4 | 53.8 | 60.8 | 49.5 | 55.5 | 54.9 | 55.6 | 55.1 | |
| Children | |||||||||||
| No = 0 | 52.9 | 50.0 | 55.8 | 53.4 | 47.4 | 59.9 | 51.6 | 53.4 | 52.4 | 52.3 | 0.197 |
| Yes = 1 | 47.1 | 50.0 | 44.2 | 46.6 | 52.6 | 40.1 | 48.4 | 46.6 | 47.6 | 47.7 | |
| Locations | |||||||||||
| Rural = 0 | 15.0 | 10.6 | 18.1 | 16.5 | 14.3 | 15.5 | 14.8 | 13.4 | 15.3 | 16.0 | 0.502 |
| Urban = 1 | 85.0 | 89.4 | 81.9 | 83.5 | 85.7 | 84.5 | 85.2 | 86.6 | 84.7 | 84.0 | |
| Chronic disease | |||||||||||
| No = 0 | 82.7 | 79.9 | 84.2 | 82.3 | 82.6 | 82.3 | 82.0 | 83.0 | 86.2 | 81.2 | 0.790 |
| Yes = 1 | 17.3 | 20.1 | 15.8 | 17.7 | 17.4 | 17.7 | 18.0 | 17.0 | 13.8 | 18.8 | |
| Region | |||||||||||
| Eastern = 1 | 47.8 | 44.5 | 43.8 | 45.5 | 48.5 | 51.3 | 51.2 | 47.7 | 49.1 | 48.8 | 0.801 |
| Central = 2 | 14.1 | 15.4 | 15.8 | 16.2 | 14.0 | 11.9 | 14.1 | 14.1 | 13.5 | 12.2 | |
| Western = 3 | 26.7 | 26.8 | 30.6 | 25.2 | 26.6 | 24.9 | 24.2 | 27.8 | 28.0 | 25.8 | |
| Northeast = 4 | 11.4 | 13.4 | 9.8 | 13.2 | 10.9 | 11.9 | 10.5 | 10.5 | 9.5 | 13.2 | |