| We found negative scope and scope insensitivity issues in the evaluation of the willingness to pay (WTP) for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine by using the contingent valuation (CV) method, which could seriously affect the validity and reliability of the estimation results. |
| In the context of a dynamic pandemic environment, the CV method should be used cautiously to estimate the public’s WTP for the COVID-19 vaccine. |
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