Table 1.
Demographic, clinical, laboratory and radiographic findings of patients
| COVID-19 | Asthma | COPD | Healthy controls | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N = 5 | N = 5 | N = 5 | N = 5 | |
| Demographics and clinical characteristics | ||||
| Age, years | 70 (66-72) | 69.6 (65-79) | 68 (57-80) | 69 (63-75) |
| Male | 5 (100.0) | 5 (100.0) | 5 (100.0) | 5 (40.0) |
| Death | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| ICU admission | 5 (100.0) | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| ICU length of stay, days | 37 (10-43) | — | — | — |
| Hospital length of stay, days | 45 (41-48) | — | — | — |
| Time from illness onset to | 57 (53-68) | — | — | — |
| hospital admission, days | — | — | ||
| Severe | 5 (100.0) | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Ever smoke | 4 (80.0) | 5 (100.0) | 5 (100.0) | 5 (40.0) |
| ARDS comorbidity | 5 (100.0) | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Respiratory rate | 20 (14-20) | — | — | — |
| > 24 breaths per minute | 1 (20.0) | — | — | — |
| Pulse ≥100 beats per minute | 1 (20.0) | — | — | — |
| O2 pressure | 82.8 (69.0-110.0) | — | — | — |
| O2 concentration | 95.3 (93.3-95.4) | — | — | — |
| Fever (temperature ≥37.3°C) | 1 (20%) | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Cough | 4 (80.0) | 5 (100.0) | 5 (100.0) | 0 |
| Sputum | 0 | 5 (100.0) | 5 (100.0) | 0 |
| Myalgia | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Fatigue | 2 (40.0) | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Diarrhea | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Vomiting | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Rhinobyon | 0 | 4 (80.0) | 2 (40.0) | 0 |
| Hemoptysis | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Headache | 0 | 2 (40.0) | 1 (20.0) | 0 |
| Sore throat | 1 (20.0) | 4 (80.0) | 4 (80.0) | 0 |
| Polypnea | 5 (100.0) | 4 (80.0) | 4 (80.0) | 0 |
| Shiver | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| White blood cell count, × 10⁹/L | 11.1 (7.30-12.8) | 9.2±2.1 | 9.6±3.8 | — |
| Lymphocyte count, × 10⁹/L | 0.30 (0.25-0.55) | 1.5±0.67 | 1.6±0.83 | — |
| Monocyte count, × 10⁹/L | 0.40 (0.35-0.65) | 0.63±0.13 | 0.6±0.16 | — |
| Platelet count, × 10⁹/L | 117.0 (87.0-212.5) | 221±35 | 226±32 | — |
| Lactate dehydrogenase, U/L | 397 (356-535) | 191±23 | 183±19 | — |
| High-sensitivity cardiac | 0.01 (0.005-0.03) | 0.01±0.01 | 0.01±0.01 | — |
| troponin I, pg/mL | ||||
| Prothrombin time, s | 15.7 (13.6-18.1) | — | — | — |
| D-dimer, μg/mL | 1.390 (0.741-4.667) | — | — | — |
| IL-6, pg/mL | 22.2 (9.40-60.0) | — | — | — |
| Procalcitonin, ng/mL | 0.27 (0.09-0.43) | — | — | — |
| CRP, | 2.7 (1.5-12.9) | — | — | — |
| DBIL | 4.1 (3.0-8.7) | — | — | — |
| TBIL | 13.6 (11.9-20.4) | — | — | — |
| CK-MB | 11.0 (7.0-18.0) | — | — | — |
| Cr | 77.0 (69.1-91.7) | — | — | — |
| Imaging features | ||||
| Consolidation | 5 (100.0) | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Ground-glass opacity | 5 (100.0) | 1 (20.0) | 1 (20.0) | 0 |
| Bilateral pulmonary infiltration | 5 (100.0) | 0 | 1 (20.0) | 0 |
Data are presented as median (IQR), mean ± SD, or n (%).