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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Aug 1.
Published in final edited form as: Trends Cardiovasc Med. 2021 Jul 10;32(6):350–363. doi: 10.1016/j.tcm.2021.07.001

Figure 9:

Figure 9:

Radiofrequency ablation of epicardium (Epi) suppresses the electrocardiographic and arrhythmic manifestations of Brugada syndrome in coronary-perfused canine RV wedge model by eliminating the cells with the prominent action potential notch. The BrS phenotype is generated using a combination of the Ito blocker NS806 (8 μM) and the calcium channel blocker verapamil (1 μM). Column 1: Control. 2 Recorded 40 min after the addition of NS5806; 3-4: Recorded 20 and 40 min after the addition of verapamil. The addition of NS5806 and verapamil to the coronary perfusate induced pronounced J waves, phase 2 reentry and polymorphic VT . Bipolar electrogram recorded from RV epicardium shows late potentials and fractionated electrogram activity. 5: Recorded following 45 reintroduction of provocative agents following ablation of RV epicardium. AP recordings were obtained from midmyocardial (Mid) and subepicardial layers due to inactivation of the epicardium. Ablation of the outermost layer of the RV epicardium totally suppressed all ECG and arrhythmic manifestations of BrS. Calibrations of Bipolar EG and ECG an 1 and 2 mV, respectively. (Modified from reference,(92) with permission).