| 2.1 Healthcare utilisation: all‐cause hospital admissions (number of participants with at least one admission) |
10 |
2633 |
Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
0.88 [0.71, 1.08] |
| 2.2 Healthcare utilisation: all‐cause hospital admissions (mean number per participant) |
7 |
1914 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
‐0.01 [‐0.06, 0.04] |
| 2.3 Healthcare utilisation: respiratory‐related hospitalisation days (per participant) |
4 |
819 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
‐0.62 [‐2.27, 1.03] |
| 2.4 Healthcare utilisation: all‐cause hospitalisation days (per participant) |
6 |
2073 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
‐0.51 [‐1.85, 0.84] |
| 2.5 Healthcare utilisation: emergency department visits (number of participants with at least one visit) |
5 |
865 |
Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
0.53 [0.32, 0.87] |
| 2.6 Healthcare utilisation: emergency department visits (mean number per participant) |
6 |
1939 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
‐0.52 [‐0.89, ‐0.15] |
| 2.7 Healthcare utilisation: GP visits (mean number per participant) |
4 |
1113 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
‐0.21 [‐0.68, 0.25] |
| 2.8 COPD exacerbations (mean number per participant) |
7 |
|
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
Subtotals only |
| 2.8.1 COPD exacerbations (regardless of definition) |
7 |
1401 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
‐0.06 [‐0.26, 0.15] |
| 2.8.2 COPD exacerbations (symptom based) |
4 |
1047 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
0.05 [‐0.22, 0.31] |
| 2.9 Courses of oral steriods (number of participants who used at least one course) |
3 |
881 |
Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
4.19 [0.35, 50.65] |
| 2.10 Courses of antibiotics (number of participants who used at least one course) |
3 |
1012 |
Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
3.95 [1.37, 11.43] |
| 2.11 Health status: modified Medical Research Council Dyspnoea Scale (mMRC) |
3 |
356 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
‐0.31 [‐1.23, 0.60] |
| 2.12 Health status: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) |
9 |
|
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
Subtotals only |
| 2.12.1 Health status: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) ‐ anxiety |
9 |
1647 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
‐0.57 [‐1.01, ‐0.13] |
| 2.12.2 Health status: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) ‐ depression |
9 |
1653 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
‐0.45 [‐0.80, ‐0.10] |
| 2.13 Exercise capacity: six‐minute walk test (6MWT) |
6 |
772 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
45.14 [9.16, 81.13] |
