Comparison 3. Subgroup analyses: self‐management versus usual care.

Outcome or subgroup title	No. of studies	No. of participants	Statistical method	Effect size
3.1 Healthcare utilisation: respiratory‐related hospital admissions (subgroup by smoking cessation component)	15	3263	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.75 [0.57, 0.98]
3.1.1 Smoking cessation component	6	1662	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	1.10 [0.68, 1.79]
3.1.2 No smoking cessation component	9	1601	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.60 [0.44, 0.82]