Tabak 2014.

Study characteristics
Methods	Design: RCT Follow‐up: 9 months Control group: usual care
Participants	Recruitment: hospital, primary care physiotherapy practices Assessed for eligibility: not reported (101 participants eligible) Randomly assigned: SM: 15; UC: 14 Completed: SM: 10; UC: 2 Mean age: SM: 64.1 (SD 9.0) years; UC: 62.8 (SD 7.4) years Gender (% male): SM: 50.0; UC: 50.0 COPD diagnosis: GOLD II‐IV, a clinical diagnosis of COPD according to the GOLD criteria, confirmed with spirometry (FEV1/FVC ratio < 0.7) Inclusion of participants in the acute phase: no Major inclusion criteria: fulfill COPE‐II study (effects of self‐treatment and an exercise programme within a self‐management programme in outpatients with COPD) criteria: no exacerbation in the month prior to enrolment, three or more exacerbations or one hospitalisation for respiratory problems in the 2 years preceding study entry, a computer with Internet access at home Major exclusion criteria: other serious disease with a low survival rate, other diseases influencing bronchial symptoms and/or lung function, severe psychiatric illness, uncontrolled diabetes mellitus or a hospitalisation for diabetes mellitus in the 2 years preceding the study, need for regular oxygen therapy, maintenance therapy with antibiotics, known Alpha‐1 antitrypsin deficiency, disorders or progressive disease seriously influencing walking ability
Interventions	Mode: individual and group sessions at the outpatient clinic, primary care physiotherapy practices and at the participant's home, web‐based teleconsultation module Duration: at least 1 face‐to‐face individual session by the primary care physiotherapist (no protocol for education, offered as blended care, depending on physiotherapist and participant) and a teleconsultation module. For research purposes, there was one intake by a physiotherapist for baseline measure activity coach and explanations. Furthermore, there were additional meetings after 1, 3, 6 and 9 months. Before the start of the programme, participants had to attend 2 group sessions of 90 minutes each by a nurse practitioner. Professional: respiratory nurse practitioner, respiratory physiotherapist Assignment of case managers: no Self‐management components: smoking cessation (optional), self‐recognition of COPD exacerbations, use of a COPD exacerbation action plan, home‐based exercise (web‐based) Self‐management topics: diet, (maintenance) medication, coping with breathlessness/breathing techniques Behavioural change techniques: 3 clusters: goals and planning, feedback and monitoring, shaping knowledge
Outcomes	1. Use of application 2. Adherence (online diary, exercise scheme) 3. Satisfaction (Client Satisfaction Questionnaire) 4. Hospitalisations (number and length of stay) 5. Emergency department visits 6. COPD exacerbations, based on symptoms 7. Level of activity (activity coach, accelerometer) 8. Self‐perceived activity levels (Baecke Phsycial Activity Questionnaire) 9. Exercise tolerance (6MWT) 10. Fatigue (Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory 20) 11. Health status (CCQ) 12. Dyspnoea (MRC) 13. Quality of life (EuroQol‐5D)
Notes	Source of funding: NL Agency, a division of the Dutch Ministry of Economic Affairs (grant CALLOP9089) Conflict of interest: none declared