Titova 2015.

Study characteristics
Methods	Design: RCT Follow‐up: 24 months Control group: usual care
Participants	Recruitment: hospital (inpatient) Assessed for eligibility: 199 Randomly assigned: SM: 91; UC: 81 Completed: SM: 51; UC: 49 Mean age: SM: 74.1 (SD 9.26) years; UC: 72.6 (SD 9.33) years Gender (% male): SM: 42.9; UC: 43.2 COPD diagnosis: GOLD criteria (FEV1/FVC ratio <0.7), confirmed by authors Inclusion of participants in the acute phase: yes, during hospitalisation Major inclusion criteria: admission due to AECOPD, COPD (GOLD stage III or IV, 2007), living in the Trondheim municipality, ability to communicate in Norwegian, ability to sign the informed consent form Major exclusion criteria: any serious diseases that might cause a very short lifespan (expected survival time less than six months)
Interventions	Mode: individual sessions at the participant’s home, telephone calls, e‐learning programme, “My COPD book” Duration: six face‐to‐face individual sessions (one at discharge, five joint visits at home at approximately 3 days, 14 days, 6 months, 12 months, and 24 months post‐ discharge) by the specialist nurse, one interactive 15‐minute e‐learning programme, at least 24 telephone calls (routine phone calls at least once a month and during COPD exacerbations) Professional: specialist nurse Assignment of case managers: not reported Self‐management components: self‐recognition of COPD exacerbations, use of a COPD exacerbation action plan, coping with breathlessness Self‐management topics: smoking cessation, (maintenance) medication Behavioural change techniques: 4 clusters: goals and planning, feedback and monitoring, social support, repetition and substitution
Outcomes	1. Hospital utilisation (admissions caused by AECOPD, in‐hospital days due to AECOPD) 2. Mortality 3. Inhaled medication use (long‐acting bronchodilators)
Notes	Source of funding: Central Norway Regional Health Authority and the Research Council of Norway Conflict of interest: none declared