Fig. 2.

Muscle quality map derived from abdominal computed tomography (CT) using an automated artificial intelligence software. The total abdominal muscle area (TAMA) includes all muscles on the selected axial images (i.e., psoas, paraspinal, transversus abdominis, rectus abdominis, quadratus lumborum, and internal and external obliques). The TAMA is segmented into three areas according to the CT density [16]: (1) inter and intramuscular adipose tissue area (IMAT; −190 to −30 Hounsfield unit [HU], yellow), (2) normal attenuation muscle area (NAMA; 30 to 150 HU, red), and (3) low attenuation muscle area (LAMA; −29 to 29 HU, sky blue). The skeletal muscle area (SMA, −29 to 150) refers to the combined area of NAMA and LAMA. Reprinted from Kim et al. [22], with permission from Elsevier.