Table 1. Clinical characteristics of the study participantsa.
| Characteristics | Whole study cohort (n=163) | Metagenomics and metabolomics detection samples | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PROM cases (n=36) | Controls (n=87) | Lost to follow–up (n=40) | PROM cases (n=6) | Controls (n=5) | P value | ||
| Maternal ageb | 29.1 [22–39] | 29.5 [19–40] | 29.3 [21–41] | 28.0 [22–37] | 29.5 [22–36] | 0.43† | |
| Nulliparity | 32 | 78 | 34 | 6 | 5 | – | |
| White blood cells at admission (×109/L) | 8.6 (6.1–13.1) | 8.1 (5.1–10.2) | – | 8.9 (7.1–11.9) | 7.3 (7.1–8.5) | 0.13† | |
| Positive genital culture at admission | 1 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – | |
| Gestational age at sampling (weeks)a | 33.3 (31.0–36.6) | 33.5 (31.5–36.5) | 33.3 (31.4–36.0) | 33.3 (32.4–36.0) | 34.3 (32.4–36.0) | 0.33† | |
| Steroid administration | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – | |
| Tocolysis treatment | 1 | 1 | – | 1 | 0 | 1.00‡ | |
| Gestational age at delivery (weeks)a | 38.4 (34.7–40.1) | 39.4 (34.8–40.8) | – | 38.9 (37.6–39.6) | 38.6 (37.4–39.7) | 0.66† | |
| Latency from sampling to delivery (weeks)a | 5.3 (0.5–7.8) | 5.8 (2.3–8.3) | – | 6.0 (3.0–7.9) | 4.3 (3.4–6.7) | 0.25† | |
| Baby weight at birth (g)a | 3,375 [2,640–4,200] | 3,369 [2,500–4,500] | – | 3,240 [3,000–4,200] | 3,020 [2,760–3,080] | 0.08† | |
| Baby sex (male/female) | 16/20 | 35/52 | – | 2/4 | 3/2 | 0.57‡ | |
| Gestational diabetes | 4 | 5 | – | – | – | – | |
| Preeclampsia | 2 | 2 | – | – | – | – | |
| Breech presentation | 1 | 3 | – | – | – | – | |
a, adapted from (16). (https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs43032-020-00338-9). Such adaption is permitted under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). b, values are presented as median (min–max); †, independent-sample Mann-Whitney U test; ‡, Fisher’s exact test. PROM, premature rupture of membranes.