Table 1.
Prevalence of Physical Activity Participationa by Racial/Ethnic Group and Income Level Among US Adults for Selected Years, NHIS 1998–2018
| Low income |
Moderate income |
High income |
||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Activity, race/ethnicity | 1998–2000 % (SE) |
2016–2018 % (SE) |
Changeb % (SE) |
Trend | 1998–2000 % (SE) |
2016–2018 % (SE) |
Changeb % (SE) |
Trend | 1998–2000 % (SE) |
2016–2018 % (SE) |
Changeb % (SE) |
Trend |
| Engaging in any aerobic activity | ||||||||||||
| White | 47.9 (0.8) | 61.6 (0.9) | 13.7 | LQ | 60.1 (0.5) | 72.1 (0.6) | 12.0 | LQ | 72.4 (0.4) | 85.4 (0.4) | 13.0 | LQ |
| Black | 37.2 (1.0) | 53.7 (1.3) | 16.5 | LC | 48.8 (0.9) | 65.2 (1.2) | 16.4 | LQ | 62.2 (1.3) | 76.0 (1.5) | 13.8 | L |
| Hispanic | 32.3 (0.8) | 54.8 (1.5) | 22.5 | LC | 44.7 (0.8) | 63.2 (1.3) | 18.5 | LQC | 63.1 (1.3) | 78.6 (1.3) | 15.5 | LQC |
| Meeting aerobic activity guideline | ||||||||||||
| White | 31.3 (0.7) | 41.5 (0.8) | 10.2 | LQ | 40.1 (0.4) | 50.2 (0.6) | 10.1 | LQ | 51.9 (0.4) | 66.3 (0.5) | 14.4 | LQ |
| Black | 23.8 (0.8) | 35.4 (1.2) | 11.6 | LQC | 31.7 (0.8) | 44.7 (1.2) | 13.0 | LQ | 43.1 (1.3) | 58.2 (1.5) | 15.1 | L |
| Hispanic | 20.3 (0.6) | 35.9 (1.2) | 15.6 | LQC | 29.8 (0.7) | 44.6 (1.1) | 14.8 | LQC | 45.2 (1.3) | 59.4 (1.4) | 14.2 | LQC |
| Meeting muscle-strengthening guideline | ||||||||||||
| White | 12.8 (0.5) | 18.2 (0.6) | 5.4 | L | 16.0 (0.3) | 23.5 (0.4) | 7.5 | L | 24.0 (0.4) | 36.2 (0.5) | 12.2 | LQ |
| Black | 11.1 (0.6)c | 17.1 (1.0)c | 6.0 | L | 16.3 (0.7)c | 24.4 (1.1)c | 8.1 | L | 25.3 (1.1)c | 34.6 (1.4)c | 9.3 | L |
| Hispanic | 6.8 (0.4) | 15.1 (0.8) | 8.3 | L | 12.4 (0.5) | 21.9 (0.9)c | 9.5 | LQC | 22.7 (1.1)c | 32.7 (1.3)c | 10.0 | LC |
| Meeting combined aerobic activity and muscle-strengthening guideline | ||||||||||||
| White | 10.0 (0.4) | 14.6 (0.5) | 4.6 | L | 12.9 (0.3) | 19.9 (0.4) | 7.0 | L | 20.7 (0.3) | 33.0 (0.5) | 12.3 | LQ |
| Black | 7.9 (0.5) | 13.4 (0.9)c | 5.5 | L | 11.9 (0.6)c | 19.5 (0.9)c | 7.6 | L | 20.7 (1.0)c | 31.4 (1.4)c | 10.7 | L |
| Hispanic | 4.5 (0.3) | 12.4 (0.7)c | 7.9 | L | 9.1 (0.4) | 18.6 (0.8)c | 9.5 | LC | 19.5 (1.0)c | 28.3 (1.3) | 8.8 | LC |
Abbreviations: Black, non-Hispanic black; C, cubic trend; L, linear trend; NHIS, National Health Interview Survey; white, non-Hispanic white; Q, quadratic trend.
Physical activity participation is defined as (1) engaging in any leisure-time aerobic physical activity, (2) meeting the aerobic physical activity guideline, (3) meeting the muscle-strengthening guideline, or (4) meeting the combined aerobic activity and muscle-strengthening guidelines. Prevalence estimates adjusted for sex and age.
Change is the percentage point difference of the 2016–2018 estimate minus the 1998–2000 estimate. All comparisons from 2016–2018 to 1998–2000 are statistically different from zero (P < .008).
All comparisons between each racial/ethnic minority group and white adults, across all incomes levels, are significant (P < .008) unless denoted with the superscript c.