Table 2.
Summary of Current Immunotherapies.
| Reagent | Cancers | Class | FDA-approved indications for melanoma | Observed efficacy |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ipilimumab | • Melanoma | Anti-CTLA4 antibody | Unresectable/metastatic melanoma and as an adjuvant (2011) | 12.3%-28.4% 5-year OS rate 49 ; 65.4% 5-year OS rate as adjuvant 47 (phase III) |
| • Renal cell Carcinoma | ||||
| Tremelimumab | • Melanoma | Anti-CTLA4 Antibody | Not approved | 12.6 months OS; 10.7% ORR (ORR) (phase III) 51 |
| Nivolumab | • Melanoma | Anti-PD-1/PD-L Antibody | Unresectable/metastatic melanoma and as an adjuvant (2014) | ~40% ORR |
| • Lung cancer (non-small cell) | 72.9% 1-year OS rate | |||
| • Renal carcinoma | 5.1 months PFS, (phase III) 55 | |||
| • Hodgkin’s Lymphoma | ||||
| Pembrolizumab | • Melanoma | Anti-PD-1/PD-L antibody | Unresectable/metastatic melanoma and as an adjuvant (2014) | 74.1% 12-month OS rate 57 ; 58.2% ORR; 34% 5-year OS rate 58 (phase III) |
| • Lung cancer (non-small cell) Hodgkin’s Lymphoma | ||||
| • Several others | ||||
| Aldesleukin | • Metastatic melanoma | Cytokine activation of T-Cells (IL-2) | Metastatic or unresectable melanoma (1998) | 11.4 months OS; 16% ORR (phase III) 63 |
| • Renal cell carcinoma | ||||
| Interferon-alfa2b and pegylated-interferon-alpha2b | • Melanoma | Cytokine activation of T-cells | Adjuvant alongside surgical resection (gross nodal melanoma) (2011) | Non-significant OS; 45.6% PFS (PEG-IFNα-2b) (phase III) 65 |
| • Follicular lymphoma | ||||
| • AIDS-related Kaposi Sarcoma | ||||
| • Several others | ||||
| T-VEC | • Melanoma | Oncolytic virus | Unresectable metastatic melanoma (2015) | 26% ORR (phase III) 70 |