Table 2.

Body weight and plasma concentrations of risk factors at baseline and adjusted difference after consuming Aspartame or sugar-sweetened beverages for two weeks.

	Aspartame	Glucose-25%	HFCS-17.5%	Fructose-17.5%	HFCS-25%	Fructose-25%	effect of	Total variation accounted for in % [95% CI] ^a	p-value
Body weight, kg
Baseline	71.8 ± 10.6	75.5 ± 12.8	69.9 ± 14.3	72.5 ± 15	72.9 ± 14.5	75.7 ± 12.9
^Δ	−0.03	0.56	0.32	0.02	0.79	0.07	sugar	6.55% [0.00% to 12.65%]	0.090
[95% CI]	[−0.53 to 0.47]	[0.11 to 1.02]	[−0.28 to 0.92]	[−0.49 to 0.53]	[0.34 to 1.24]	[−0.38 to 0.53]	sex	0.60% [0.00% to 5.43%]	0.347
FST non–HDL cholesterol, mmol/L
Baseline	2.84 ± 0.67	3.01 ± 0.8	3.07 ± 0.8	3.11 ± 0.76	2.9 ± 0.8	2.75 ± 0.62
^Δ	−0.07	0.06	0.24	0.19	0.38	0.22	sugar	14.18% [2.95% to 22.41%]	0.000
[95% CI]	[−0.22 to 0.07]	[−0.08 to 0.19]	[0.07 to 0.42]	[0.04 to 0.34]	[0.24 to 0.51]	[0.09 to 0.35]	sex	1.82% [0.00% to 8.20%]	0.081
PP non–HDL cholesterol, mmol/L
Baseline	2.62 ± 0.68	2.78 ± 0.79	2.92 ± 0.8	2.98 ± 0.71	2.65 ± 0.71	2.51 ± 0.63
^Δ	−0.05	0.14	0.38	0.32	0.51	0.41	sugar	22.34% [8.96% to 31.39%]	<0.0001
[95% CI]	[−0.20 to 0.09]	[0.00 to 0.27]	[0.19 to 0.56]	[0.17 to 0.47]	[0.38 to 0.64]	[0.28 to 0.55]	sex	4.73% [0.29% to 13.02%]	0.003
FST LDL cholesterol, mmol/L
Baseline	2.17 ± 0.6	2.39 ± 0.78	2.42 ± 0.85	2.39 ± 0.64	2.37 ± 0.71	2.16 ± 0.64
^Δ	−0.04	0.00	0.25	0.19	0.42	0.29	sugar	16.94% [4.88% to 25.54%]	<0.0001
[95% CI]	[−0.20 to 0.11]	[−0.14 to 0.14]	[0.07 to 0.43]	[0.03 to 0.34]	[0.28 to 0.56]	[0.15 to 0.43]	sex	0.6% [0% to 6.87%]	0.150
PP LDL cholesterol, mmol/L
Baseline	80 ± 22	86 ± 29	89 ± 28	90 ± 22	86 ± 26	80 ± 23
^Δ	0.00	0.10	0.31	0.22	0.50	0.27	sugar	16.58% [4.58% to 25.15%]	<0.0001
[95% CI]	[−5.49 to 5.85]	[−1.24 to 9.07]	[4.72 to 18.89]	[2.51 to 14.15]	[14.35 to 24.61]	[5.15 to 15.51]	sex	3.16% [0.00% to 10.65%]	0.017
FST apoB, mg/dL
Baseline	65 ± 17	73 ± 24	69 ± 22	73 ± 23	70 ± 19	64 ± 14
^Δ	−0.01	0.04	0.12	0.11	0.27	0.18	sugar	12.3% [1.9% to 20.2%]	0.0001
[95% CI]	[−4.18 to 3.52]	[−2.04 to 4.96]	[−0.10 to 9.15]	[0.32 to 8.21]	[6.98 to 13.93]	[3.35 to 10.38]	sex	2.7% [0.0% to 9.8%]	0.030
PP apoB, mg/dL
Baseline	62 ± 17	69 ± 24	66 ± 20	72 ± 19	65 ± 18	61 ± 15
^Δ	−1.21	2.97	7.77	4.9	11.89	8.07	sugar	16.04% [4.20% to 24.50%]	<0.0001
[95% CI]	[−5.09 to 2.67]	[−0.56 to 6.49]	[2.95 to 12.58]	[0.90 to 8.89]	[8.38 to 15.39]	[4.53 to 11.61]	sex	4.80% [0.30% to 13.00%]	0.004
FST apoCIII, mg/dL
Baseline	7.3 ± 2.5	7.9 ± 2.0	8.1 ± 1.9	8.2 ± 2.1	8.2 ± 2.7	7.4 ± 1.9
^Δ	−0.05	0.63	0.53	0.77	0.63	0.55	sugar	4.33% [0.00% to 9.22%]	0.270
[95% CI]	[−0.56 to 0.45]	[0.18 to 1.09]	[−0.07 to 1.13]	[0.26 to 1.29]	[0.18 to 1.09]	[0.10 to 1.01]	sex	4.80% [0.33% to 13.05%]	0.008
PP apoCIII. mg/dL
Baseline	6.7 ± 3.0	7.4 ± 2.2	7.5 ± 2.1	7.6 ± 1.9	7.4 ± 2.5	7 ± 1.9
^Δ	−0.12	0.7	1.19	1.67	1.08	1.32	sugar	16.73% [4.90% to 25.33%]	<0.0001
[95% CI]	[−0.63 to 0.39]	[0.23 to 1.16]	[0.56 to 1.82]	[1.14 to 2.19]	[0.61 to 1.54]	[0.86 to 1.79]	sex	2.13% [0.00% to 8.79%]	0.056
24-h AUC uric acid.μmol/Lx24-h
Baseline	104 ± 24	108 ± 26	101 ± 20	106 ± 21	102 ± 27	102 ± 23
^Δ	−184.4	348.6	399.1	854.8	822.7	1142.7	sugar	36.84% [22.47% to 45.61%]	<0.0001
[95% CI]	[−416 to 48]	[137 to 559]	[113 to 690]	[619 to 1095]	[613 to 1035]	[934 to 1356]	sex	2.92% [0.00% to 10.17%]	0.01
24-h AUC triglyceride mmol/Lx24-h
Baseline	29.4 ± 17.9	31.8 ± 16.4	29.7 ± 11.3	35.9 ± 14.5	32.2 ± 14.7	29.3 ± 11.6
^Δ	−1.11	2.62	2.96	5.82	3.57	5.65	sugar	12.40% [1.86% to 20.31%]	0.001
[95% CI]	[−3.57 to 1.36]	[0.37 to 4.86]	[−0.10 to 6.02]	[3.28 to 8.37]	[1.33 to 5.80]	[3.40 to 7.90]	sex	0.98% [0.00% to 6.45%]	0.196

^{Δ -}

Adjusted difference in means from a multivariate regression model (sugar, sex) adjusted for outcome at baseline and BMI

Data were estimated from Multivariate regression model (sugar, sex) adjusted for outcome at baseline and BMI

FST – fasting; PP – postprandial; Baseline data is presented as mean ± SD

Conversion factors: To convert triglyceride to mg/dL, divide by 0.0113; cholesterol to ml/dL, divide by 0.0295 uric acid to ml/dL divide by 59.485