Table 6.

Predictors of perceiving internalized shame among the studied health care providers, Egypt (2020)

Variable	Unadjusted			Adjusted (R² = 0.28)
Variable	ß	95% CI	P value	ß	95% CI	P value
Age (< 30 years)	0.26	− 0.06–0.59	0.11	− 0.21	− 0.51–0.10	0.188
Gender (female)	− 0.03	− 0.38–0.32	0.86	− 0.14	− 0.45–0.17	0.376
Occupation (doctors)	0.70	0.33–1.06	< 0.001	0.33	− 0.02–0.68	0.068
Experience years (< 4 years)	0.27	− 0.05–0.60	0.10
Primarily work in ED, ICU, or infectious diseases dep. (yes)	− 0.49	− 0.82 to − 0.16	0.004	− 0.15	− 0.48–0.17	0.355
Experience in working during a previous pandemic (no)	0.73	0.32-1.14	< 0.001	0.42	0.03–0.81	0.036
Availability of institutional psychological/mental health support (no)	0.23	− 0.15–0.62	0.23
Personal expectation about COVID-19 (severe disease)	0.25	− 0.16–0.66	0.23
Worry from contracting COVID-19 at work (severe worry)	0.97	0.64–1.30	< 0.001	0.28	− 0.04–0.61	0.084
Knowledge score	− .149	− 0.32–0.02	0.09
Discrimination intent score	− 0.16	− 0.19 to − 0.13	< 0.001	− 0.14	− 0.17 to −0.10	< 0.001
Impact stigma score	0.17	0.13–0.20	< 0.001	0.17	0.13–0.201	< 0.001

ED emergency department, ICU intensive care unit, COVID-19 coronavirus disease-2019

Bold values: statistically significant at P value < 0.05